NPR News:巴基斯坦医院遭自杀袭击 塔利班与ISIS争相称犯案

A suicide bomber in southwest Pakistan yesterday was dressed to blend in — black suit, black tie. His target was a crowd outside a hospital in the city of Quetta, lawyers and intellectuals who were gathered for a funeral of a man who'd been assassinated earlier in the day. At least 73 people were killed in the suicide bombing. We're going to talk about this with Aisha Sarwari. She is a journalist and women's rights activist in Pakistan's capital, Islamabad. She joins us by Skype. Welcome to the program.
AISHA SARWARI: Thank you.
INSKEEP: Who was the first person killed, the lawyer who was assassinated at the beginning of the day, in Quetta?
SARWARI: This was the head of the bar association in Quetta, Bilal Anwar Kasi, a very well-respected gentleman. And you could tell how well-respected he was because he gathered quite a crowd of lawyers to mourn his killing at the hospital when they brought his body. And what was absolutely tragic was there was an attack there, over 60 lawyers killed who were there to mourn him. Even journalists were killed, and over a hundred people were injured.
INSKEEP: How have people reacted as they learned that it was lawyers who were targeted?
SARWARI: I think everybody is in a daze because Quetta is a city — it's not that populated. Levels of education are good, but they're not that great. And, you know, it takes a lot for somebody to make it as a lawyer in a community like that. So you can imagine the reverberations and the effects this has had on that province. It's terrible. I think it — the loss is unfathomable.
INSKEEP: Who claimed responsibility?
SARWARI: Two groups have. One is obviously the IS, Islamic State. And the other is a faction of the Taliban who have come forward and said that we did it — so strange, but not surprising.
昨天在巴基斯坦西南部地区，一名自杀式爆炸袭击者乔装混入穿黑西装系黑领带的人群中。他的目标是聚集在奎达市一家医院外面的人群，这些人多为律师和知识分子，他们前往医院悼念当天早些时候被暗杀的一名男子。这起自杀式爆炸袭击造成至少73人死亡。我们将和阿以莎·萨尔瓦里连线，了解这一事件。她是记者，也是在巴基斯坦首都伊斯兰堡活动的女权活动人士。她通过Skype和我们连线。欢迎做客节目。
阿以莎·萨尔瓦里：谢谢你。
因斯基普：当天早上在奎达市被暗杀的那名律师是谁？
萨尔瓦里：他是奎达市律师协会主席比拉尔·安瓦尔·卡西，是一位备受尊重的绅士。你可以了解到他有多受尊敬，他的遗体送达医院后有那么多律师赶到医院去悼念他。而可悲的是，随后医院发生了袭击，在那里悼念他的律师中有超过60人死亡。死者中还包括记者，另外袭击造成100余人受伤。
因斯基普：当人们得知袭击目标是律师后他们有何反应？
萨尔瓦里：我认为所有人都很茫然，因为奎达市人口并不密集。这座城市教育程度良好，但是没有那么好。你知道，在这种社区要想成为律师，那要付出很多。你可以想象，这起事件对这个省造成的影响。影响非常大。我认为损失是不可估量的。
因斯基普：哪个组织宣布对这起事件负责？
萨尔瓦里：目前有两个组织宣布负责。其中一个是ISIS。另一个是塔利班分支，他们站出来说是我们做的，这很奇怪，但并不令人惊讶。

INSKEEP: So when we hear that lawyers are killed, I'm reminded of past incidents in Pakistan where doctors have been targeted in large numbers — seems to be an effort to undermine the brains of society almost or some basic parts of society. What's going on?
SARWARI: You're absolutely right, Steve. I think what we see in this particular attack is that, you know, there's an effort to undermine the rule of law. There's an effort to undermine the state's ability to create stability. By lawyers being targeted, they have attacked the system of justice in Pakistan, of bringing perpetrators forward in the law. All of this we see is a direct attempt to destabilize the country, to ensure some kind of chaos, to put fear in normal citizenry. It's a very sad time for this country.
INSKEEP: We had heard that things were a bit calmer in Pakistan up until this attack. Did things feel calmer before yesterday?
SARWARI: You can't call something calm when it's sporadic. What that does is anything can happen at any time. We saw it just in March the Gulshan-e-Iqbal blast that happened in Lahore, where so many children were killed. So yes, I mean, we do see gaps where this doesn't happen and there's silence. But it's almost like it's eerie. We're even afraid of the calm now because we know it can happen at any time.
INSKEEP: How is this affecting daily life?
SARWARI: It's crippling daily life. I — you know, I would say in terms of economic growth, in terms of creativity, entrepreneurship — everybody is restrained. When something like this happens, it just saps the energy, the life out of you, the ability to think forward, to plan ahead. And I would say something like this is very significant because in Baluchistan — that's where majority of the work for the CPEC is happening, the Chinese-Pakistan Economic Corridor.
INSKEEP: I wish you'd clarify. Baluchistan is the province where this city is, where this attack was. And you're saying that's where China wants to invest a lot of money in Pakistan.
SARWARI: Amongst other places, yes. There was some hope that that would bring in some economic rejuvenation. The fact that Quetta is attacked in such a ghastly way puts a doubt on that, on the country's ability to stop these attacks from happening and securing the protection of its citizens.
INSKEEP: Aisha Sarwari is a journalist and women's rights activist. She's in Islamabad and joined us by Skype. Thanks very much.
SARWARI: Thank you.
因斯基普：我们在听说律师被杀害后，我们想起了此前巴基斯坦发生的以医生为目标的大规模袭击，这看起来像是在削弱社会中的知识群体或者说是在削弱社会的基础部分。这是怎么回事？
萨尔瓦里：你说得完全没错，史蒂夫。我认为我们在这起袭击中看到的是，他们在削弱法治。他们在削弱这个国家维护稳定的能力。以律师为目标，他们攻击的是巴基斯坦的司法体系，是在法律体系中作恶。我们看到的这些是破坏国家稳定的企图，是制造混乱，让公民产生恐惧。对巴基斯坦来说，现在是非常悲伤的时刻。
因斯基普：我们听说在这起袭击发生前，巴基斯坦比较平静。昨天之前你能感觉到平静吗？
萨尔瓦里：在事件断断续续发生时，局势不能用平静来形容。随时都有可能发生任何事。今年3月，拉合尔喀拉蚩古杉伊卡伯发生爆炸事件，造成多名儿童死亡。当然，巴基斯坦的确有平静的时间，没有任何事发生。但是这种平静更可怕。我们甚至很害怕现在的这种平静状态，因为我们知道可怕的事件随时都有可能发生。
因斯基普：这起事件对人们的日常生活有何影响？
萨尔瓦里：日常生活遭遇了严重的损害。从经济发展角度来看，从创造性和企业家精神来说，所有人都受到了约束。这类事件发生时，你的能量和活力都会被破坏，你创新和提前规划的能力也会受限。我认为，像这样的事件会造成非常严重的影响，因为中国—巴基斯坦经济走廊的大部分项目都在俾路支省运行。
因斯基普：我希望你能详细说明一下。袭击发生地奎达市是俾路支省的一座城市。你刚才说中国想在巴基斯坦俾路支省进行大规模投资。
萨尔瓦里：那里是获得投资的几个地方之一。此前有人希望俾路支省的经济可以复兴。但是奎达市遭遇的这起可怕袭击使这一希望蒙上了阴影，同时也使人们对巴基斯坦阻止这类袭击的能力以及保护公民的能力提出了质疑。
因斯基普：阿以莎·萨尔瓦里是记者兼女权活动家。她刚刚通过Skype从伊斯坦布尔和我们连线。非常谢谢你。
萨尔瓦里：谢谢。