NPR News:美国大选决战将至 特朗普和希拉里互相抨击

This past week, more ugly accusations flew between the presidential campaigns. Hillary Clinton gave a speech accusing Donald Trump of helping hate groups become mainstream while he accused his rival of being a bigot. Trump may have softened his stance on immigration in a confusing round-about from his previous position, and he continued to shock and dismay some on Twitter with an odd appeal to African-American voters. Here to sort it all out is NPR's political editor, Domenico Montanaro. Good morning.
DOMENICO MONTANARO, BYLINE: Good morning, Linda.
WERTHEIMER: So, Domenico, Donald Trump made an appeal, as I said, to black voters on Twitter, but he did it by citing the fatal shooting of the cousin of the Chicago Bulls' Dwayne Wade. So how did that work for him?
MONTANARO: Well, that is a very difficult thing to do in 140 characters, first of all, and he wound up trying to say that, you know, Dwayne Wade's cousin being shot means that African-Americans should vote for Trump. And, you know, there's not a lot of context you can throw in there. And it really was a cynical ploy to try to say, look, you've got cities run by Democrats, and Chicago in particular is someplace that he's been talking about quite a lot to say that there's been lots of violence and that black voters in inner cities should vote for Trump. Lots of criticism after that — the actor Don Cheadle, for one, going after him. A couple of hours later, Trump wound up putting up a new tweet expressing condolences and thoughts and prayers. But I think we can say this outreach is not going so well.
上周，两党的总统竞选活动中出现了更多“丑陋”的指责。希拉里·克林顿在演讲中指责唐纳德·特朗普将仇视主流化，而特朗普则指责希拉里是偏执者。特朗普可能用令人困惑的婉转说法来缓和他在移民问题上的立场，而且他仍在继续令人们感到震惊，他在推特上向非洲裔美国选民发出了奇怪的呼吁。我们将连线NPR新闻的政治编辑多梅尼科·蒙塔纳罗了解详细情况。早上好。
多梅尼科·蒙塔纳罗连线：早上好，琳达。
韦特海默：多梅尼科，我刚才提到唐纳德·特朗普在推特上向黑人选民发出了呼吁，但是他利用了芝加哥公牛队球员德怀恩·韦德的表妹遭枪杀一事。这给他带来了什么效果？
蒙塔纳罗：首先这是一件很难用140个字解决的事情，最后他写道，德怀恩·韦德的表妹遭枪杀意味着非洲裔美国人应该把票投给特朗普。你知道，由于字数限制，不能在推特上说明太多背景情况。这就像是一种愤世嫉欲的伎俩，好像是在说，你看，这些由民主党管理的城市，尤其他经常提到的芝加哥，一直有很多暴力事件发生，所以内城区的黑人选民应该投票支持特朗普。他发表这则推文后引发了众人的指责，演员唐·钱德尔就是其中一个声讨他的人。几个小时以后，特朗普发布了一篇新推文，表达了哀悼、思念和祈祷。但是我们可以说，这种宣传的效果不太好。

WERTHEIMER: And it comes in a week where allegations of racial bias on both sides were rampant. Donald Trump outright called Mrs. Clinton a bigot. He questioned her record on race issues, and Mrs. Clinton gave a very careful speech in which she made the argument that Trump's campaign has given voice and cover to hate groups. But there was also kind of an off-ramp to establishment GOPers like Ryan and McConnell in that speech, right?
MONTANARO: Yeah. I mean, she really tried to separate the GOP from Trump, you know, and praised other Republicans. She quoted, of course, Paul Ryan, who had said that Trump's comments on the judge who was presiding over the Trump University case of Mexican heritage, he said that that comment was racist. You know — but both Ryan and McConnell, not surprisingly, their aides said that they didn't see the speech, and you don't see Republicans exactly jumping to Trump's defense on this. And that's because they don't really want to be tied to perceptions of racism, especially with the Senate in jeopardy. You know, maybe this is something that Hillary Clinton can use as an olive branch to try to govern. But she really can't get out ahead of herself at this point.
WERTHEIMER: Do you — you don't get the feeling, then, that this is a way of reaching out to these guys, to Ryan and McConnell, preparing to govern.
MONTANARO: It may be, in a sense. I think that it's more toward Republicans in — you know, who would normally vote Republican, white suburban voters, to not be tied to him. But, you know, politicians fight the battle that's in front of them, and winning a presidential election is very hard. And they don't want to look beyond that.
WERTHEIMER: In the week ahead, Donald Trump had planned to give a speech in Phoenix clarifying his stand on immigration. Then, he said he'll be talking about party unity. Party officials in Arizona say the event is up in the air. What's happening?
MONTANARO: (Laughter) I mean, it's certainly very confusing where he's — where he's standing on this. I mean, the fact is Donald Trump has a brand problem. You know, like any legacy brand, you have to try to find a new audience without alienating old ones and loyal ones. And, you know, that's part of the problem. When a Republican sticks their toe in the waters of trying to moderate on immigration, often they find backlash from the base. And I think that's some of what he'd seen this week and the vacillations on immigration are all over the place. At this point, he's not in favor of a path to legalization.
WERTHEIMER: NPR's political editor Domenico Montanaro, thank you.
MONTANARO: Thank you.
韦特海默：一周以来，两党候选人就种族偏见的互相指责愈演愈烈。唐纳德·特朗普公开称克林顿是偏执者。他质疑希拉里在种族问题上的言论，而希拉里发表了一次谨慎的演讲，她在讲话中称特朗普的竞选活动是在替仇恨团体发声，而且还为这些团体打掩护。不过她在演讲中帮瑞安和麦康奈尔等共和党人撇清了关系。
蒙塔纳罗：没错。她尽量将共和党和特朗普分开，她赞扬了其他共和党人。她说，保罗·瑞安曾就特朗普抨击负责审理“特朗普大学”案件的墨西哥裔法官的言论发表看法，他说这一言论存在种族歧视。但是瑞安和麦康奈尔两人的助手均表示没有看这场演讲，这并不令人感到惊讶，而且共和党人也没有在这一问题上为特朗普辩护。这是因为他们不想和种族主义有关联，尤其参议院正处于危险的状态。你知道，也许希拉里·克林顿可以把这一点用作橄榄枝，来获得管理权。但是目前她也不能取得领先。
韦特海默：你不认为这是在准备执政期间接触瑞安和麦康奈尔的方法吗。
蒙塔纳罗：从某种意义上来说可能是一种方法。我认为这更像是在接触那些通常会给共和党候选人投票的选民，比如那些白人郊区选民，让他们不要和他有所联系。不过你也知道，政治家要为他们面对的斗争奋战，赢得总统选举，这非常难。他们并不想过度关注其他事情。
韦特海默：下周，唐纳德·特朗普本来计划在凤凰城发表讲话，阐述他在移民问题上的立场。他说还会谈及党内团结问题。但是亚里桑那州官员表示这场活动还没有确定。发生了什么事？
蒙塔纳罗：（笑声）显然他的立场难以理解。事实上，唐纳德·特朗普遇到了品牌问题。你知道，就像任何历史悠久的老品牌一样，你必须要寻找新的支持者，同时又不会疏远原有的支持者和那些忠诚的支持者。这就是问题所在。当共和党人试图在移民问题上缓和态度时，基层就会出现抵触情绪。我认为这就是特朗普本周看到的情况，各地在移民问题上都犹豫不决。所以现在，他不赞成公开就移民问题表态。
韦特海默：以上是NPR新闻的政治编辑多梅尼科·蒙塔纳罗带来的报道，谢谢你。
蒙塔纳罗：谢谢。