NPR News:英国启动艾伦图灵法案 赦免同性恋和双性恋
But activists, including Turing's great-niece, Rachel Barnes, continued pressuring Parliament to pardon all people convicted of homosexuality under the law. I reached Rachel Barnes at her home in Somerset County, England earlier today. And I asked her how she felt when she heard the pardons were coming.
RACHEL BARNES: We were absolutely delighted for all those families who have campaigned for decades to reach this day. It was a momentous day for all our family when we heard that Alan Turing was going to be pardoned back in 2013. One of the best days ever, and we celebrated like mad. But the same pardon is deserved by everybody else.
MARTIN: Can I ask you — did you know your great-uncle when you were growing up? I don't remember whether you were born when he was still alive.
BARNES: Unfortunately, Alan Turing died nine years before I was born. But obviously, during my childhood, my family has told me so, so much about this incredible man who did so much for our country.
因“猥亵法”而被定罪的数千名英国同性恋男子将在死后获得赦免。1967年以前，“猥亵法”认定同性恋在英国属违法行为。这一大规模赦免行动的依据是《艾伦·图灵法》，该法律以英国二战密码破译专家、现代计算机之父艾伦·图灵的名字命名。图灵曾因猥亵法”被定罪，二战后被执行“化学阉割”。最终自杀身亡。2013年，图灵在死后获得赦免。
但是，包括图灵侄孙女蕾切尔·巴恩斯在内的活动人士仍在继续敦促英国议会赦免所有因“猥亵法”被定罪的同性恋。今天早些时候，蕾切尔·巴恩斯在她位于英国桑莫塞郡的家中接受了我们的电话采访。我问她在听到赦免消息时的感想。
蕾切尔·巴恩斯：我们为数十年来一直在力争这一结果的家庭感到高兴。2013年我们听到了艾伦·图灵将被赦免的消息，那一天对我们家人来说是具有重大意义的一天。那是有史以来最棒的一天，我们疯狂地进行了庆祝。其他人也应该得到同样的赦免。
马丁：我能问你个问题吗，你在成长过程中知道你的外伯祖吗？我不知道他在世时你有没有出生。
巴恩斯：不幸的是，艾伦·图灵去世九年以后我才出生。但是在我的童年时期，我家人给我讲了很多他的事迹，他非常了不起，他为我们国家做出了很多贡献。
MARTIN: In fact, I wanted to ask you about that because so much of his life was secret, both the parts that were lauded and also the parts that ultimately brought him so much, you know, pain or were — and I just wondered, how did it come out that he had played such a critical role? And I was also...
BARNES: Yeah.
MARTIN: ...Curious about how you learned about his sexuality. I mean, I'm thinking that many family members will have had a relative who was gay back in a time when it was very necessary to hide this fact. In fact — so I was just wondering how this all came out to you.
BARNES: Yes. As we grew up, we were told that Alan Turing was gay. And we were told that he was prosecuted, that he was convicted and had the choice of going to prison for two years or otherwise having a course of these hormonal drugs. It's a very hard story to take on board, really.
MARTIN: It is a hard story to take on board. I was wondering whether after "The Imitation Game," which came out in 2015 — I would assume it made it easier for your family after that because everybody knew this story now...
BARNES: Yes.
MARTIN: ...And it wasn't just something that you carried within yourselves.
BARNES: Yes, it was absolutely incredible. I mean, literally within a couple of months, it seems that most of our country and quite a lot of the world have actually heard about Alan Turing. And I'm quite sure that most people were really, really shocked and had absolutely no idea about how gay people used to be treated.
MARTIN: That's Rachel Barnes. She's the grand-niece of Alan Turing, known as the father of modern computers. And Rachel Barnes was kind enough to join us by phone from her home in Somerset County, England. Ms. Barnes, thanks so much for speaking with us.
BARNES: Thank you.马丁：我想问的是，他一生中大部分时间都是秘密，那段他备受赞美的人生还有那段让他非常痛苦的人生都是秘密，我想知道，他为什么发挥如此关键的作用？另外……
巴恩斯：对。
马丁：我很好奇你是怎么知道他的性取向的。因为在那个时代，如果有家庭成员是同性恋，那是一定要隐瞒的事实。所以我想知道，你是怎么知道的。
巴恩斯：对。我们长大以后，得知艾伦·图灵是同性恋。我们还得知，他被起诉而且被定罪，当时他有两个选择，一个是服刑两年，另一个是服用一个疗程的激素类药物。这非常难以接受。
马丁：难以接受。电影《模仿游戏》在2015年上映以后，我想你们家人应该感觉欣慰了一些，因为现在所有人都知道这件事了……
巴恩斯：对。
马丁：不再只是你们自己承受的事情了。
巴恩斯：对，这简直太不可思议了。就在短短几个月的时间里，大部分英国人还有世界各地的很多人，都知道了艾伦·图灵。我很确定大部分人非常震惊，完全不知道以前同性恋的这种遭遇。
马丁：这是现代计算机之父艾伦·图灵的侄孙女蕾切尔·巴恩斯。蕾切尔·巴恩斯在她位于英国桑莫塞郡的家中接受了我们的电话采访。巴恩斯女士，非常感谢你和我们连线。
巴恩斯：谢谢。
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