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BBC随身英语:Hard games 难玩儿的游戏

2013-11-16来源:和谐英语

It gets more interesting when there are many possible moves. That's why people are so fascinated by complex games like chess, or the board game Go, or some card games. But what the researchers found was that with difficult games, players find it hard to work out the best strategy and their actions become less rational.

This research is part of the field called game theory: the study of human strategic decision-making. Much thinking on how people play complex games is based on something called 'the equilibrium point', which is when players have a perfect knowledge of what they're doing and of what their opponents are doing.

But complex games mean people don't have this perfect knowledge, and it can make their playing seem chaotic and hard to predict. When you add more than two players then of course the game becomes even harder to understand. Trading on the stock market is an example of a complex multi-player game – with important consequences for all of us.

Economists base financial predictions of the stock market on equilibrium theory, assuming that traders are infinitely intelligent and rational. So the researchers at Manchester and Oxford believe their work can help us make better economic predictions in future.

Quiz 测验 1. According to the article, what might be too complex for the human mind to understand?

Complex games.

2. Which example of a simple game is given in the article?

Noughts and crosses.

3. Which word, used in the article, means the person you're playing against in a game?

Opponent.

4. What is the name of the study of human strategic decision-making?

Game theory.

5. Is the following true, false or not given in the article? Understanding how people play complex games can help us make better predictions about the stock market.

True.

Glossary 词汇表 board games棋类游戏 chess(国际)象棋 Go围棋 strategies策略 moves移动(棋子) noughts and crosses画圈打叉的连三子棋 work out猜出来,推断出来 card games纸牌游戏 actions(下棋)行为 less rational不太理智的 game theory博弈论 opponents对手 chaotic混乱的 hard to predict难预测 the stock market股票市场 multi-player game有众人参与的游戏 base(动词)以什么为依据 predictions预测 traders交易人 infinitely极其;永远