2002年英语专业八级考试真题听力MP3下载附试题和答案文本

D. describe how taxis are metered
Now go through TEXT H quickly to answer question 34.
It's difficult to determine what constitutes an appropriate tip in any country. In Japan, if you leave a couple of coins on the table, the waiter is liable to chase after you to return your forgotten change. In New York, on the other hand, if you leave less than 15%, your reservation might not hold up next time. Asia, with its multiplicity of cultures and customs, is a particularly difficult terrain. To make your next trip a little easier, here's a guide to tipping across the region:

HONG KONG
Tipping is de rigueur in this money-mad metropolis at all but the lowest establishments. Even bathrooms in posh hotels have little dishes for loose change.
Restaurants: Most places automatically add a 10% service charge to the bill, but the surcharge often ends up in the pocket of the owner, not the staff kitty. If the service is good, add another 10% to the bill, up to HK$100 if you're in an especially nice restaurant.
Porters: HK $10 should do it at all but the nicest hotels where a crisp HK $20 bill may be more acceptable.
Taxis: Round up to the nearest dollar, although many drivers will do this on their own when making change.
MANILA
Tipping is common in Manila, and anything above 10% will gain you undying loyalty.
Restaurants: Even if a service charge is included, custom dictates adding another 5%- 10% to the bill.
Porters: Service in top hotels is good and should be rewarded with 20 pesos per bag.
Taxis: Most cabs are metered, and rounding up to the next five pesos is a good rule of thumb.
SEOUL
Tipping is no part of Korean culture, although it has become a matter of course in international hotels where a 10% service charge is often added.
Restaurants: If you're at a Korean barbecue joint, there's no need to add anything extra. But a sleek Italian restaurant may require a 10% contribution.
Porters: If you're at a top-end hotel, international standards apply, so expect to give 500~l 000 won per bag.
Taxis: Drivers don't expect a tip, so unless you're feeling remarkably generous, keep the change for yourself.
SINGAPORE
According to government mandate in the Lion City, tipping is a no-no. It's basically outlawed at Changi Airport and officials encourage tourists not to add the 10% service charge that many high-end hotels add on to the bill.
Porters: Hotel staff are the one exception to the no-tipping rule. As a general guide, S$l should be adequate for baggage-lugging service.
Taxis: Drivers don't expect tipping, but they won't refuse if you want to round up the fare to the next Singaporean dollar.
TEXT I
First read the following questions.
35. If you want to see a performance by the Beijing Peking Opera Theatre, which phone number would you ring?
A. 6841—9283. B. 6848—5462.
C. 6301—6688. D. 6523—3320.
36. Supposing you have some free time after 7 p. m. on July 1st, which performance or exhibition can you go to?
A. Traditional Chinese music. B. Chinese modern operas.
C. Peking Opera. D. Lao Dao's recent paintings.
Now go through TEXT I quickly to answer questions 35 and 36.
WHAT'S ON CONCERTS
New concert hall: The movie theatre of the National Library of China has been turned into a concert hall after months of renovation.
The Guotu Concert Hall will open to the public for the first time on June 30. After the opening ceremony, the China National Song and Dance theatre will present highlights of Chinese modern operas from the past 50 years.
Programme: excerpts from Chinese modern operas including "The White-haired Girl", "Red Rocks" and more.
Time: 7:30 p.m. , June 30
Place: Guotu Concert Hall at the National Library of China
Tel: 6841-9283
Chinese music: The Traditional Band of China National Song and Dance Theatre will perform traditional Chinese music, under Liu Wenjin, composer and director of the theatre.
Programme: "Butterfly Lovers", "Moonlight Reflected on Number Two Spring", "The Night is Deep" and other traditional pieces.
Time: 7:30 p.m. , July 1—2
Place: Guotu Concert Hall at the National Library of China
Tel: 6848—5462
EXHIBITIONS
One-man show: Lao Dao is presenting his most recent paintings at the Wanfung Gallery.
Titled "Spanning the Space", the exhibition features about 30 works created from synthetic materials. The paintings are composed of mottled ancient doors with faded couplets pasted on them, leading the viewers into ancient stories hidden behind the door.
Time: 9 a.m.—5 p.m. until July 1st
Place: 136 Nanchizi Dajie, Dongcheng District
Tel: 6523—3320
Charm of ink: The Huangshicheng Gallery is hosting a solo show of ink-and-colour paintings by veteran calligrapher and painter Qin Tang. More than just visually appealing, Qin's work impresses the viewer with its vividness and simplicity.
Time: 9 a.m.—5 p.m. until 5th
Place: Nanchizi Dajie, Dongcheng District
Tel: 6528-9103
STAGE
Peking Opera: The Liyuan Theatre presents traditional Peking Opera excerpts in short programmes for foreign audiences and in original styles. With an explanation in English, the performances are from the Beijing Opera Theater.
Time: 7:30 p.m. July 3—5
Place: Liyuan Theater, Qianmen Jianguo Hotel, Xuanwu District
Tel: 6301—6688

TEXT J
First read the following questions.
37. Who is the author of Culture/Metaculture'!
A. Linda Anderson. B. Peter Childs.
C. Adam Roberts. D. Francis Mulhern.
38. Which of the following books draws on case studies?
A. Modernism. B. Science Fiction.
C. Autobiography. D. Culture/Metaculture.
Now go through TEXT J quickly to answer questions 37 and 38.
Autobiography
Linda Anderson, University of Newcastle. UK
This wide-ranging introduction to the study of autobiography offers a  historical overview of autobiographical writing from St Augustine to the present day. Linda I Anderson follows the important developments in autobiographical criticism in the last thirty years, paying particular attention to psychoanalytic, post-structuralist and | feminist approaches. This volume:
outlines the main theoretical issues and concepts of this difficult area
looks at the different forms from confessions to narratives to memoirs to diaries
considers the major writers of this historical tradition
Culture/Metaculture
Francis Mulhern, Middlesex University, UK
Culture/Metaculture is a stimulating introduction to the meanings of "culture" in contemporary Western society. This essential survey examines:
culture as an antidote to "mass" modernity, in the work of Thomas Mann, Mien Benda, Karl Mannheim and F. R. Leavis
post-war theories of "popular" culture and the rise of Cultural Studies,  paying particular attention to the key figures of Raymond Williams and Stuart Hall
theories of "metaculture", or the ways in which culture, however defined, speaks of itself

Modernism
Peter Childs, Cheltenham ad Gloucester College of Higher Education, UK
With its battle cry of "Make it New", the modernist movement shook the foundations of the late nineteenth and early twentieth-century literary establishment. Modernism offers an outstanding analysis of this literary and cultural revolution.Peter Childs' immensely readable account:
details the origins of the modernist movement and the influence of thinkers such as Darwin. Marx, Freud, Nietzsche, Saussure and Einstein
explores the radical changes which occurred in the literature, drama, art and film of the period
traces "modernism at work" in the writing of Joyce, Wolf, Mansfield, Forster, Yeats, Ford, Eliot. Beckett and other key literary figures
Science Fiction
Adam Roberts, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK
Science fiction is one of the most vigorous and exciting areas of modern culture, ranging from groundbreaking novels of ideas to blockbusters on the cinema screen. This outstanding volume offers a clear and critically engaged  account of the phenomenon. Adam Roberts:
provides a concise history of science fiction and the ways in which the genre has been defined
examines the interactions between science fiction and science fact
anchors each chapter with a case study drawn from short story, book or film, from Frank Herbert's Dune to Barry Sonnefeld's Men in Black
TEXT K
First read the following questions.
39. What are Cookies in the following passage?
A. Computer data. B. Shopping habits.
C. Websites. D. Passwords.
40. How many pieces of advice are offered by the author to protect online shoppers' privacy?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
Now go through TEXT K quickly to answer questions 39 and 40.
We all enjoy a little extra-special every now and then, whether it's a prime table at our favorite restaurant or an upgrade on that long flight across the Pacific. Being recognized makes us feel valued and we're more likely to do business with someone who takes the time to go that extra mile. E-commerce sites know this, and they're doing everything they can to create personalized environments so we'll want to spend money online. How? By employing cookies.
Cookies are bits of data stored on your computer's hard drive when you visit a website. They can only be read by the site that sets them. Companies use them to store information about you and to track your behavior on a particular website and, of course, your shopping habits.
Cookies help companies personalize their websites. This is how an online bookstore knows you're you. or how a news website knows to show you headlines from your hometown. Retailers use cookies to promote products they think you might like or to target ads that you might find appealing. Cookies also record user IDs and passwords so you don't have to log in each time you visit a site.
Cookies, however, have a darker side too. and all kinds of privacy issues lurk at every bend. On their own, cookies are generally harmless, if mildly intrusive. One potential problem, though, crops up when you enter personal information on a survey. This can be easily linked up with cookies about your surfing habit and the website knows pretty much everything there is to know about you. Often this information is used simply to show you an advertisement for a product you might want to buy. But privacy advocates worry that this information could be misused.
Here's what you can do as online shopper to protect your privacy:
Accept only cookies that get sent back to the originating server. Both Microsoft Explorer and Netscape Communicator offer this option.
Shop only with sites that post online privacy policies.
Be careful about what sort of information you give out in surveys.
Set up a secondary profile using an anonymous e-mail account and bogus ID.  It's clandestine, but you'll surf with greater anonymity. Of course, when you actually want to buy something you'll have to give out your real name and address.

PAPER TWO
PART IV    TRANSLATION (60 MIN)
SECTION A    CHINESE TO ENGLISH
Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

   大自然对人们的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等，所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和挤奶。锄草和栽花；在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜，在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌；往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样，每个地方拥有自己的传说，风俗也就延传了下来。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE
Translate the following underlined part of the TEXT into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

The word "winner" and "loser" have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.
Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.
Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don't pretend to have all the answers. They I listen to others; evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not   totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.
Winners do not play "helpless", nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.
PART V    WRITING (60 MIN)
All of us would agree that in order to be successful in the present-day society, we I university graduates have to possess certain personal qualities that can enable us to I realize our aim. What do you think is the most important personal quality of a I university graduate? Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic:
THE MOST IMPORTANT PERSONAL QUALITY OF A UNIVERSITY STUDENT
In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

参考答案
PART I
Section A 1—5 CADCD
Section B 6—10 BDACB
Section C 11-15 BCDAB
Section D
1. literature/history/politics  2. advice/guide
3. conversation/communication/discussion
4. essay/ writing  5. explanation/ interaction  6. widely/ commonly/ frequently
7. interactive/ communicative/ feedback 8. overview
9. latest/ recent    10. views/ arguments/ viewpoints

PART II
1. any infant → any other infant  2. have → has 3. pay → draw/ call
4. on → to    5. in → at 6. them → themselves   7. the others → others
8. be → is  9. genetic → genetically  10. in such way → in such a way

1. and (orthography) → while/ whereas/ yet/ but (orthography) 2. with → of
3. out 4. firstly → first 5. which → that
6. went → go 7. per 或 every 8. This → It
9. and → together and 10. far → away

PART III
16—20 DABDB   21—25 ACBBD   26—30 CACCA   31—35 BDACC   36—40 ADBAD
PART IV
Section A
Nature does the same favor to every human being, whether rich or poor. So all the humans put on the nature deep dependence, especially in the countryside, where people have been living the same life for thousands of years. They plant crops and grapes, make wine to drink, feed the cattle and milk the cow, weed and plant flowers. They go to church at weekends, and play music instruments on the plaza in the festivals, dancing and singing. The previous rural farms remain today's sweet home. In this way, each area has legends of its own and the customs passed down.

Section B
    想像中自己应该是什么样的，成功者没有将生命消耗在这种信念上。相反，他们活得有自我，因此，不绞尽脑汁矫揉造作，不试图将他人玩弄于股掌之中。他们知道，真心关爱和虚情假意之间、真傻和装傻之间、真才实学和佯装有才之间界线分明。成功者无需面具掩藏自我。
    成功者勇于独立思考，敢于展示才华。他们能将事实和观点区分开来，不假装全懂。他们听人进言，并权衡利弊，从而得出自己的结论。他们会钦佩他人，但他们从不为其所羁绊。
    成功者不表现出无助，也不怨天尤人。相反，他们对生活尽职尽责。

PART V
The Most Important Personal Quality of a University Student
Everyone has one or more dreams. But it is much easier to set an aim than to realize it. In the course of obtaining success, we need a number of helps, either external or internal, and the personal qualities are of superior importance. Among the qualities, such as smartness, honesty, confidence, the most important one, in my opinion, is diligence.
We are sure to encounter a number of difficulties on the way to success. On the one hand, we must hold on. On the other hand, we should make efforts to find the best solutions as soon as possible. We have to force ourselves to know more, do more, sweat more. Only working industriously can assure us of a good result.
Being industrious means more work and less relaxation. So diligent people will complete their tasks in a shorter time than others. They will get more information and experience in their work. In the long run they will do their job better and better. Diligence also means broad knowledge and good public relationship. No one will look down upon an industrious person, and no employer will promote an idle one.
In addition, industry is a merit of our Chinese people. It is also a stimulus to Japan's recovery from the disaster of World War II ． It is needed to realize our aims and to make our country more prosperous.