正文
VOA慢速英语:Increasing Food Security in Dry Areas of the Middle East
well的用法:
有理由地, 恰当地
例句:You did well to tell him.
你告诉了他, 做得对。
很, 相当
例句:You may well be right.
很可能是你对。
2.They all share a socio-economic and cultural heritage that's fairly homogeneous.
fairly是副词,表示相当地,非常地
fairly, quite, rather, very, pretty 用法区别 一、含义上的区别1. 这几个副词都可表示程度,fairly 语气最轻,尽管经常与褒义词连用,但由于语气较弱,往往不带明显的恭维或赞赏,通常译为“还算”、“相当”相当 fairly good,指的可能是还勉强过得去,只是没有否定。2. quite 语气稍重,意为“颇”或“相当”。要是说某一部电影quite good,那是说这部电影相当不错,虽不是最好,但至少值得看。3. rather 或 pretty 在语气上又稍重一点,意为“十分”或“相当”(pretty 不如 rather 正式)。要是说某一部电影 rather / pretty good,指的是这电影相当不错,语气比较重,意指要高出一般水平或出乎意料地好。两者均可与褒义或贬义形容词连用。与褒义词连用,表示一种愉快的心情,与贬义(包括不褒不贬)词连用,表示一种不赞成或不满意的心情。如:She looked rather [quite] nervous. 她显得相当紧张。It’s a rather [quite] interesting book. 它是一本相当有趣的书。She looked rather [quite] disappointed about it. 她对此显得相当失望。4. very 语气最强,意为“很”或“或非常”。 要是说某一部电影very good,这是说这部电影很不错,算得上是精品之作。以上几个副词按语气的轻重可大致描述为:(not) → fairly → quite → rather / pretty → very
二、用法上的差别1. 以上各词中,只有 rather 可以与比较级以及副词 too (太)连用。如:It’s rather warmer today. 今天暖和多了。This one is rather too large. 这个稍大了一点。The exercise was rather too difficult. 这练习未免太难了。注:quite 有时也与比较级连用, 但主要限于quite better (身体好)这一表达中。2. rather 和 quite 有时可直接修饰动词,而其他几个副词一般不这样用。如:I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你(的意见)。We rather like the book. 我们很喜欢这本书。3. rather, quite 与“冠词+形容词+名词”连用时, 通常置于冠词之前,有时也可放在冠词之后。但遇此类似情况,very 或 fairly 则只能放在冠词之后(形容词之前)。如:It’s quite [rather] a good idea. =It’s a quite [rather] good idea. 那可真是个好主意。注:若此结构中没有形容词,则quite和rather 只能放在冠词之前。如:It was quite [rather] a success. 那事相当成功。The news gave us rather [quite] a shock. 这消息使我们颇为震惊。It’s rather [quite] a shame that he missed the concert. 他未能参加音乐会真有些可惜。4. 修饰不可分级的形容词(如right, wrong, ready, full, empty, perfect, impossible, alone, unique 等),通常只用 quite,此时quite 并不表示“相当”或“很”,而表示“完全”。如:You’re quite right (wrong). 你完全正确(错了)。That’s quite impossible. 那完全不可能。
3.Experts say the new methods also increase crop production up to five times more than crops that depend on rainfall only.
up to多达
例句:I can take up to four people in my car.
我的汽车最多能坐四个人。
直到
例句:Up to now he's still quiet.
他直到现在仍保持沉默。
在于…, 取决于…
例句:This is up to you.
这件事取决于你。
4.If not, they say, the future of food security, economic development and social stability in dry areas will be put at risk.
if + not
if not 可视为一个否定的条件状语从句省略。如:
I might see you tomorrow. If not, then it’ll be Saturday. 我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天,那就在周六。
Ask her if it is a convenient time. If not, can she suggest another possible time? 问问她那个时间方便不方便。要是不方便,那她可不可以提出一个可行的时间?
注:有时not还可修饰另一个词语。如:
If not today, tomorrow I’m sure you’ll get an answer. 如果今天得不到回信,明天准能得到。
This is one of the oldest buildings in town, if not the oldest. 这是城里最古老的房屋之一,如果不是最古老的话。
Usually, if not always, we write “cannot” as one word. 我们即使不总是如此,也通常是把cannot作为一个词来拼写的。
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