VOA慢速英语:Reform of Financial System Is Obama's Next Goal in Congress

turn attention to转移注意力

例句：Please turn your attention to something more important.
       请把注意力转向更重要的事情上去。

      It's time to turn our attention to the question of money.
      咱们该考虑钱的问题了。

turn to的其他用法：

(使)转向

例句：He turned his back to me.
       他转过身去, 背对我。

求助于

例句：He turned to me for help.
      他向我求助。

      She often turns to the book for guidance.
      她经常参考那本书。

(使)变成

例句：Water turns to ice at 0℃.
      水在零摄氏度时变成冰。

2.Republicans and Democrats differ on what to do.

differ on对(某问题)持不同意见

例句：The committee differed on the question of appointing the next chairman.
      委员会在任命下届主席的问题上意见不一。

3.If there's one lesson that we've learned, it's that [an] unfettered market where people are taking huge risks and expecting taxpayers to bail them out when things go sour is simply not acceptable.

If引导条件句。it's that，这里的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that引导的句子。后面这一句的主干是：unfettered market is simply not acceptable。where people are taking huge risks and expecting taxpayers to bail them out是定语从句，修饰market。when things go sour引导的是时间状语从句。

4.The aim is to find a way to let big financial companies fail without harming the economy.

to find a way是动词不定式做表语。without harming the economy是典型的without+现在分词作状语。