VOA慢速英语:American History: Taft Wins Presidency Promising Continued Reform

It强调句

一、it强调句型的构成：
　　It+be+被强调部分+that(强调部分指人做主语时时用who，指人做宾语时用whom)+句子的其他部分。
　　例如：
　　Mary met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
　　It was Mary who/that met an old beggar in the street yesterday.
　　(强调主语)
　　It was an old beggar whom/that Mary met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语)
　　It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street.(强调时间状语)
　　It was in the street that Mary met an old beggar yesterday.(强调地点状语)
　　注意：it强调句型不能强调句子的谓语。
　　
二、not…until结构强调句型的构成：
　　It+be+not+until部分+that+句子的其他部分。
　　例如：
　　He didn''t go to bed until his father came back..
　　变为强调句型为：
　　It was not until his father came back that he went to bed.注意原句中的didn''t go部分中的not提前后，剩下did go变为went.
　　本文开头提到的两个句子都是not..until结构用于强调句型。那么把这两句话变回正常的语序则为：
　　1)…but he didn''t make his most important discovery until after the war.
　　2)The importance of Fleming''s discovery was not fully recognized until World War II.

2.I would be willing to cut off my hand if I could call back that statement.

cut off剪〔切, 砍〕下

例句：Kehr cut off some flowers from the bush.
      凯尔从树丛中剪下一些花。

      The rebels cut off the heads of their captives.
      叛乱者砍掉了俘虏的脑袋。

切〔隔〕断, 阻碍

例句：Our troops cut off the enemy's retreat.
      我们的军队切断了敌人的退路。

be willing to愿意,乐意…

例句：Mrs. Grantly was partly willing to agree with her husband.
      格伦雷太太多少也乐意赞同她丈夫的意见。

3.Roosevelt refused to give up hope for the policies he believed America needed.

give up放弃;投降， 认输; 猜不出

例句：I can't answer that puzzle; I give up.
      我猜不出这个谜语, 我认输了。

      She will give up this journey.
      她将放弃这次旅行。