VOA慢速英语:Groups Offer Ideas to Cut US Deficits

why引导的定语从句

请分析下面两个简单句：

句①He wanted to know the reason.

句②I was late for the reason.

把句②变为句①的定语从句，句①中的the reasons做定语从句的先行词。因为the reason做介词for的宾语，先行词是the reason指物，在定

语从句中介词for提前，用关系代词which替代the reason，the reason就不能在定语从句中出现了。由此得到句③He wanted to know the reason for which I was late.

注意：在定语从句中当先行词为the reason(s)，定语从句由for which引导时，可以用why代替for which。由此我们得到句⑤He wanted to know the reason why I was late.

2.Countries that keep spending a lot more than they earn may not be able to repay their debts.

a lot修饰比较级

可以修饰比较级的短语：

1)a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等

2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。

3)以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。

可以修饰最高级的短语：

最高级前可用 the very, the second, much the, (by) far the, not quite the, nearly, almost, by no means 等修饰。

He is far more careful than I am. 他比我仔细得多。

This is much the most important. 这是最重要的。

Hainan is China’s second largest island. 海南是中国第二大岛。

This is quite far the most expensive bicycle in the shop. 这是这家商店里最最贵的自行车。

注：very不能修饰比较级，却可修饰最高级，但它与一般的修饰最高级的副词有所不同，即它要放在最高级前的定冠词之后，而不是之前(另外，second, third, next等也要放在定冠词之后)。

3.Another proposal would add two years to the full retirement age for Social Security -- raising it to sixty-nine by about twenty seventy-five.

add to增加,增添,补充

例句：The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.
      舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好, 使演出更具魅力。

4.That plan aims to save six trillion dollars over ten years.

aim to目的在于,旨在,志在

例句：I aim to finish up this job .
      我打算结束这项工作。