VOA慢速英语:American History Series: The United States Turns Inward After World War One

1. By their votes, Americans made clear they were tired of sacrificing lives and money to solve other people's problems.

make clear清楚表明,阐明,说明

例句：Make clear you find the behavior offensive.
      明确地表示你觉得那种行为冒犯了你。

2.Young Americans had grown up with presidents like Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt.

grow up长大, 成熟

例句：Tom wants to be a coach when he grows up.
      汤姆长大后想当教练。

      Jane grows up a tall woman.
      简长成一个高个子姑娘。

3.And many months were taken up by the bitter debate over the peace treaty and the League of Nations.

take up占去

例句：I won't take up much of your time.
      我不会占用你很多时间。

      This thing takes up all my attention.
      这件事占用我所有的注意力。

4.No longer did they have to be close to railroad lines.

No longer倒装

在正式文体中，如果将never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后的句子要用部分倒装。如：

■后来我再也没见到过他了。

I never saw him again.

→Never did I see him again.

■他很少出去吃饭。

He seldom goes out for dinner.

→Seldom does he go out for dinner.

■她几乎没时间听音乐。

She hardly has time to listen to music.

→Hardly does she have time to listen to music.

■他几乎没有认识到他面临的危险。

He little realized the danger he faced.

→Little did he realize the danger he faced.

对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序。如：

■雨停了之后他才离开这房间。

He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped.

→Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room.

某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装。如：

On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。

In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。