VOA慢速英语:Words and Their Stories: Nicknames for Chicago

词汇讲解：

1. nickname n. 绰号, 诨名; 昵称
例句：She called me by my nickname.
她叫我的外号。

2. establish vt. 建立, 成立；安置；确定, 证实
例句：The police established that she was innocent.
警察查明她是无罪的。

3. spread v. (使)传播, (使)散布
例句：Who spread these rumours?
谁散布的这些谣言?

4. decrease v. (使)缩短; 减小, 减少
例句：The population began to decrease.
人口开始减少。

5. advertise v. (给…)做广告宣传
例句：They advertised their goods.
他们为他们的商品做广告。

6. ideal adj. 理想的,完美的
例句：You're an ideal family.
你们真是个模范家庭。

7. brag v. 自夸, 吹嘘,自吹自擂
例句：Mary bragged that she could run faster than Jack.
玛丽夸口说她比杰克跑得快。

8. expression n. 词, 措辞, 词组
The fashionable remarks of today often become the commonplace expressions of tomorrow.
今天的时髦话往往变成明天的陈词滥调。

9. gain v. 获得, 赢得
例句：Her talent and hard work gained her success as an artist.
她作为一名艺术家, 靠其天资和勤奋获得了成功。

10. popular adj. 流行的, 受大众欢迎的，受喜爱的，受欢迎的，当红的
例句：The phrase was caught on and immediately became popular.
这个短语被采用后很快就流行了。