VOA慢速英语:Hot in the Garden: Too Much Sun Can Harm Vegetables

Last week we discussed how to grow vegetables in partial sun. This week we learn how to protect vegetables from too much sun.
上个星期我们讨论了如何在部分阳光下种植蔬菜。这个星期我们来学习如何保护蔬菜免受过多阳光的伤害。

Curtis Swift is an extension agent at Colorado State University. He says shading plants from intense sunlight in hot weather can increase production. Plants can suffer damage when their temperature rises above thirty-two degrees Celsius.
Curtis Swift是科罗拉多州立大学的推广代理。他说，在炎热的天气下遮蔽植物免受炙热阳光的照射可以增加产量。温度上超过32摄氏度以上时，植物会受到伤害。

CURTIS SWIFT: "Tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, and okra and other members of that family drop flower buds and young fruit when the plant temperatures exceed thirty-two degrees C."
CURTIS SWIFT：“西红柿，辣椒，茄子，秋葵和其他这一属的作物在温度超过32摄氏度的情况下花蕾和幼果会脱落。”

Plants can get sunburn. Yellow spots may appear on their leaves and fruit. These areas can become thin and white as plant tissue is affected.
植物会被太阳晒伤。叶子和果实上会出现黄色的斑点。这些地方会变薄，变白，因为植物的组织受到了影响。

Curtis Swift says shade can help correct these problems.
Curtis Swift说，阴凉处可以帮助纠正这些问题。

CURTIS SWIFT: "What it does is, it actually allows the plant to give off adequate water, which cools the tissue."
CURTIS SWIFT：“荫凉可以使植物散发出足够的水分，冷却植物组织。”

He suggests shading plants with bed sheets, shade cloth or brush -- in other words, sticks and branches. Cut them about a meter long and stand them in the ground on the south and west sides of plants.
他建议用床单，遮阳布或灌木丛，棍子等遮荫。将树枝砍到一米长，立在植物南部和西部的地面上。

CURTIS SWIFT: "Anything you can put over the plant. A lot of people can cut brush at the edge of the field and stick that into the soil on the south and west side of the plant and provide some shade."
CURTIS SWIFT：“任何你可以遮在植物上方的东西都可以。许多人砍下田边的一些树枝，插到植物南面和西面的土壤中给植物遮荫。”

Curtis Swift says if you use cloth sheeting, suspend it at least five centimeters above the plants. That way there is enough space for bees to fly around. Be careful not to cover plants too closely, which could trap heat and defeat the purpose of shading.
Curtis Swift说，如果你使用布料和床单，要悬挂在植物上方至少5厘米处。这样才能有足够的空间让蜜蜂飞行。注意不要把植株遮蔽的太过紧密，这样会困住热量，违背了遮荫的初衷。

People can also buy canopies to shelter their plants. Some canopies have narrow strips of metal or wood to provide either sunlight or shade, depending on the position of the sun.
人们还可以购买顶篷来遮挡植物。一些顶篷由狭窄的金属或木片制成，既可以让阳光透过，也可以提供荫凉，这取决于太阳所在的位置。

Curtis Swift says shading works with field crops as well as vine crops like squash. People sometimes plant shrubs or trees to shade their vegetables. But he says tree roots compete with the vegetable roots. The veggies may not get enough nutrients and water.
Curtis Swift说，荫凉对农田作物和南瓜等藤作物都能起到作用。人们有时种植灌木或树木为蔬菜遮荫。但他说，树根会和蔬菜根竞争，导致蔬菜可能无法获得足够养分和水分。

And that’s the VOA Special English Agriculture Report, written by Jerilyn Watson. Here are a few of your comments about last week's report on shade growing. Ko from South Korea wrote: I can't imagine plants in the shade for most of day without sunshine! That's a really creative idea.
这里是Jerilyn Watson所写的美国之音慢速英语农业报道。以下是上周的报道之后读者的一些评论。韩国的Ko写道：我不能想象植物大部分时间在荫凉的遮蔽下，没有阳光照射是什么样子。这是非常有创造力的想法。

Andy in Chile wrote: This is an interesting article. But you forget that the shadow allows the growth of the fungi. And Slava in Croatia recalled: Once I grew small tomatoes on a balcony under a roof. Sun shone there only in the afternoon. In October the plants had only a few green tomatoes. I took them inside behind the window and they had ripe fruits on Christmas and the entire winter.
智利的Andy写道：这是一篇有趣的文章。但是你忘记了荫凉会导致真菌的生长。克罗地亚的Slava回忆到：以前我曾经在阳台的屋顶下种植过小番茄。只有下午才能照射到阳光。在十月份，只结了一些绿色的番茄。我把它拿到屋内窗户下，从圣诞节开始，到整个冬季都结满了成熟的果实。