VOA慢速英语:Three Books That Explore the Human Brain

短语讲解：

1. One book considers the power of the brain in controlling why some people care about how someone else feels and why others do not.

care about在乎, 在意
例句：I don't care about what happens.
我不在乎发生什么事。

2. His book asks why it is that human beings are capable of evil behavior towards each other.

be capable of能够
例句：Susan is capable of hard work.
苏珊能胜任艰苦的工作。

3. If we are trying to do science, we should move away from the concept of evil as an explanation of cruelty and instead use the framework of empathy.

move away改变(见解)
例句：I came gradually to move away from the position that I had always held, and to see the value of opposing opinions.
我逐渐地改变了以前的立场, 并认识到反对意见的价值。

4. Lack of empathy has an influence on borderline personality disorder, narcissism and psychopathy and the developmental disorder autism.

have an influence on影响
例句：Hunger can have a corrosive influence on the human spirit.
饥饿对人类的精神会有侵蚀性的影响。

5. This could open up new ways of studying and treating these disorders.

open up变宽; 展现; 揭示
例句：The chance meeting with the president opened up new possibilities for him.
与总统邂逅提供给他新的机会。

6. Human brains developed over hundreds of thousands of years to be skilled at finding food, shelter and protection from threats.

be skilled at擅长...
例句：Mary is skilled at paper cutting.
玛丽擅长剪纸。

7.Professor Buonomano discusses how and why the brain can play tricks on us in decisions involving memory, time and judging threats.

play tricks on捉弄
 例句：April 1st is a day on which, in some countries, people try to play tricks on others.
在有些国家，人们在4月1日这天想方设法开别人的玩笑。

8. So, our brains often want an immediate action instead of having to wait for a reward.

instead of(用…)代替…, (是…)而不是…, (用…)而不用…
例句：We went to the Biology class instead of attending the English lesson.
我们去上生物课而不去上英语课。
wait for等待, 等候
例句：He is waiting for something good to turn up.
他正期待着情况好转。

9. He says one of the best things parents can do for their baby has to do with their own relationship. Studies show marriage conflict increases greatly after a baby is born. This can result from new pressures on the parents and lack of sleep.

do with与…有关
例句：I am not involved in it; it has nothing to do with me.
我与这事没有牵连; 它与我无关。
result from产生于…, 由…引起
例句：His failure resulted from not working hard enough.
他的失败是工作不够努力造成的。

10. “If you make up in public, by that I mean in front of your child, with the same frequency that you fight in front of your child, the child’s nervous system develops beautifully.

make up化装, 打扮
例句：When she goes out to visit friends, she is very much made up.
她出去访友时, 总是浓妆艳抹地打扮一番。
in public公开地, 当众
例句：On this occasion we departed from our normal practice of holding the meetings in public.
这一次我们一反常规不举行公开会议。