VOA慢速英语:Retirement Savings Rule 2: Plan for Your Future Goals and Needs

Last week, we discussed limiting investment risk in retirement planning. So what are financial planners advising people to invest in?
上周，我们讨论了限制退休计划的投资风险。那么，理财规划师会建议人们投资什么呢？

Stocks and bonds are the best known investments and are important to any savings plan.
股票和债券是最常见的投资，对任何储蓄计划来说都是很重要。

Instruments like savings accounts and certificates of deposit pay a small rate of interest. They carry little risk.
像储蓄账户和存款证这样工具支付的利息很低，他们承担的风险也很小。

Annuities are another savings instrument with low risk.
年金是另一种低风险的储蓄工具。

PETER D’ARRUDA: “Worldwide people can put their money in annuities, which are basically savings accounts offered by insurance companies.”
PETER D’ARRUDA：“全世界的人们都可以把钱存入由保险公司提供的年金基本储蓄账户。

But financial planner Pete D’Arruda also says it is important to make a decision about an annuity with a good financial planner. He warns that annuity agreements can be complex, and many bad ones are available.
但是理财规划师Pete D’Arruda还说，在优秀理财规划师的指导下挑选一份年金是非常重要的。他还警告称，年金协议可能非常复杂，而中间有许多是不好的。

Pete D’Arruda says good planning means placing money into financial securities and accounts that have different risk levels, using asset allocation.
Pete D’Arruda称，良好的规划意味着将钱投入到不同风险等级的金融证券和账户中，进行资产分配。

PETER D’ARRUDA: ”So true asset allocation is having some in stocks, some in bonds, some in mutual funds, but then some in other places with guaranteed income and then safety and liquidity kind of accounts for emergencies.”
PETER D’ARRUDA：“因此，真正的资产配置是拥有一些股票，一些债券，和一些共同基金，但还有一些投入到保证收益的渠道，以及为紧急状况准备的安全的流动性账户。

This method of savings follows the old saying you should not ‘put all your eggs in one basket.’  But that is not for everyone.
这种储蓄方式也就是常说的，你不应该“所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。”。但是，这并不适合每一个人。

Sande Taylor is with investment company Charles Schwab in south Florida. She advises investors every day. She says many investors have a personal style. There are conservative investors.
Sande Taylor是在佛罗里达州南部的嘉信理财投资公司的员工。她每天给投资者提供建议。她说，许多投资者有个人风格。有一些保守的投资者。

SANDE TAYLOR: “A conservative investor by definition typically has eighty percent of their portfolio within fixed income markets and cash.”
SANDE TAYLOR：“根据定义，一个保守的投资者通常80%的投资组合是固定收益市场和现金。”

Even in retirement, Sande Taylor says, some people have their entire financial portfolio, or set of investments, in stocks.  They are the aggressive investors.
即使退休了，Sande Taylor说，一些人也有自己的整个融投资组合，或股票投资。他们是激进投资者。

In saving for retirement, there can be a difference between what people believe and what they actually do.
在为退休的储蓄中，可能人们的想法与实际行动存在差异。

In a recent Charles Schwab study, most Americans said they believe it would be easier to save for retirement if they were single. But the study found that eighty-five percent of married people had started saving, while only two thirds of singles had.
在嘉信理财最近一次研究中，大多数美国人表示，如果自己单身，他们相信为退休存钱会更容易。但研究发现，85%的已婚人士早已开始储蓄，而只有2/3的单身人士这样做。

Sande Taylor says younger people may seek short term goals.
Sande Taylor说年轻人可能会追寻短期目标。

SANDE TAYLOR: “The younger individuals look at it and think, ‘Well retirement is so far away, I’d rather focus on my shorter term goals.’”
SANDE TAYLOR：“年轻人对此的看法是，'退休还远着呢，我宁愿关注于我的短期目标。'”

But she says there are big gains to be made by starting early and planning for the future.
但她表示，更早开始未来的计划将会有大收获。

SANDE TAYLOR: “If you start in your twenties, you have the ability to actually contribute less per contribution, and achieve a higher longer term goal because that money is compounding over a longer period of time.”
SANDE TAYLOR：“如果你从20岁开始，你就能为其付出更少，并实现了更高的长远目标。因为经过长期时间，你的储蓄是复利的增长。”

The important thing, says Sande Taylor, is to identify your retirement goals and lifestyle. That means realistically planning for how much you will spend. Ms. Taylor advises people to expect to have eighty-five percent of the expenses they had when they were working. And, she says, healthcare costs should be a major consideration.
Sande Taylor说，最重要的是确定您的退休目标和生活方式。这意味着实事求是地规划，你将要花多少钱。Taylor女士建议人们可以预计将支出是工作时的85%。而且，她说，医疗费用应该是一个重要的考虑因素。