VOA慢速英语:Tobacco Companies Challenge Efforts in US, Australia

Tobacco companies are fighting efforts in the United States and Australia to make their products less appealing.
烟草公司正在努力与美国和澳大利亚推出的使他们的产品缺乏吸引力的措施进行斗争。

In Washington, a federal judge last week blocked the Food and Drug Administration from requiring new warning labels on cigarette packs. Judge Richard Leon ruled in a case brought by five tobacco companies.
在华盛顿，一名联邦法官上周驳回了食品和药品管理局提出的在烟盒上印新的警告标签的要求。这是法官Richard Leon对5家烟草公司提出的诉讼所做出的裁决。

The judge temporarily stopped a new federal rule to require large new warnings starting next September. These include color images such as a dead body or diseased lungs.
该法官下令暂停了将于明年9月开始实行的要求在烟盒上印制大幅新警告标签的一条新的联邦规定。这些包括例如尸体或患病的肺部等彩色图像。

Simple text warnings now appear.
现在只是简单的文字警示。

Congress called for color images showing the dangers of smoking, similar to what Canada does. But the tobacco companies say the new requirements approved in June violate their free speech rights guaranteed by the Constitution.
国会呼吁采取类似加拿大的措施，用彩色图像展示吸烟危害。但烟草公司称，在今年六月通过的这项新的要求侵犯了其受宪法保障的言论自由的权利。

Judge Leon said the FDA could not require the new labels before a lawsuit against the government is decided. Some experts say the process could take years. The judge said he believes the cigarette makers are highly likely to win their case.
Leon法官称，在这件对政府的官司判决前，食品和药品管理局不能要求烟草公司印制新的警告标签。一些专家认为，这个过程可能需要数年时间。该法官称，他认为烟草制造商极有可能赢得这场官司。

He says the images are designed to appeal to emotion, rejecting government arguments that they are purely factual. He accused the government of trying to use the labels to promote an "obvious anti-smoking agenda!"
他说，这些图像的设计是为了诉诸于情感，否认纯粹是事实的政府论据。他指责政府试图通过使用警告标签来推进一项“明显的反吸烟议程。”

The head of an anti-smoking group, the Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, called the decision "wrong on the science and wrong on the law."
一名为”无烟草青少年运动”的反吸烟组织的负责人称该决定是“在科学和法律上都是错误的。”

About one-fifth of American adults smoke. The World Health Organization says tobacco kills nearly six million people worldwide each year. More than six hundred thousand of them are non-smokers who breathe other people's tobacco smoke.
大约五分之一的美国成年人吸烟。世界卫生组织称，全世界每年有近600万人死于吸烟，其中超过60万人为吸二手烟的非吸烟人士。

In Australia, tobacco companies want to stop what would be the world's most restrictive laws on cigarette advertising. Cigarettes could be sold only in plain olive-green packages. Only the brand name and health warnings could appear.
在澳大利亚，烟草公司想阻止世界上最严格的香烟广告法律。只有纯橄榄绿包装的的香烟能被出售，只允许出现产品品牌名称和健康警示。

The Senate passed the bill last week and sent it back to the lower house to approve minor amendments. The law is to go into effect in December of next year.
参议院上周通过该法案并将其发回众议院审核一些轻微修订。该法案将于明年12月生效。

Tobacco companies say the legislation violates the Australian constitution. They say it would unjustly reduce the value of their brand names and trademarks. Health Minister Nicola Roxon says the government is ready for a legal fight.
烟草公司称，这项立法违反了澳大利亚宪法。他们说这是不公正的，会降低他们的的品牌名称和商标的价值。卫生部长Nicola Roxon称，政府已经准备好进行法律斗争。

NICOLA ROXON: "Every time a smoker -- twenty or thirty times a day -- takes a cigarette pack out of their pocket, we want to make sure that all that it's showing is the harm that can be caused from tobacco. This law will be a big win for families who have lost a loved one to tobacco-related illness."
NICOLA ROXON：“一名吸烟者每天会从他们的口袋来拿出烟盒二三十次，我们要确保每一次烟盒展示的只有烟草造成的危害。这部法律对那些因为烟草相关疾病而失去亲人的家庭来说是一次重大胜利。”