VOA慢速英语:Rains End Famine in Somalia, but Millions Remain at Risk

This week, the United Nations declared an official end to the famine in southern Somalia. Recent rains, an improved harvest and a major humanitarian aid effort during the past six months helped reduce the threat of starvation.
本周，联合国正式宣布索马里南部的饥荒结束。最近的降雨，改善了粮食的收成，和过去六个月大范围的人道主义援助工作帮助降低了饥饿的威胁。

But the new head of the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization says millions of people are still at risk. Director-General Jose Graziano da Silva says conditions could again worsen unless the aid continues during the next one hundred days.
但新上任的联合国粮食及农业组织的负责人称，千百万人仍处于危险之中。Director-General Jose Graziano da Silva说，除非援助继续，否则情况可能会在未来100天里再次恶化。

JOSE GRAZIANO DA SILVA: "If we do not keep in support, especially those three months that we have in drought season until came the rain season in April, those people will not survive. We will have famine back."
JOSE GRAZIANO DA SILVA：“如果我们不继续支持，尤其是在4月份雨季来临前的干旱季节的这三个月，这些人将无法生存。我们将要再次面对饥荒”

Mr. da Silva traveled this week to southern Somalia. On Friday he told reporters in Kenya that no more areas of Somalia are under famine conditions. But in his words, "good news does not mean that the crisis is over."
da Silva先生本周前往索马里南部。上周五，他在肯尼亚告诉记者，索马里并没有更多地区陷入饥荒。但用他的话说，“好消息并不意味着危机已经结束。”

JOSE GRAZIANO DA SILVA: “We still have a huge problem in the region particularly in Somalia and also in the other countries that you know are facing similar situation like the Sahel region in particular the South Sudan.”
JOSE GRAZIANO DA SILVA：“我们在该地区仍然有很大的问题，特别是在索马里。你知道其他国家也都面临着类似的情况，特别是南苏丹的萨赫勒地区。”

United Nations officials now list the situation in Somalia as a "humanitarian emergency" instead of a famine. "Famine" means two adults or four children per ten thousand people die of hunger each day and a third of children are severely malnourished.
现在，联合国官员将索马里现状列为“人道主义紧急状态”而不是一个饥荒的情况。饥荒是指每万人中每天有两名成人或四名儿童死于饥饿，三分之一的儿童严重营养不良。

The FAO and the Famine Early Warning Network say more than two million people still need emergency assistance. That is almost one-third of Somalia's population.
粮农组织和饥荒预警网称仍有超过两百万人需要紧急援助，这几乎是索马里人口的三分之一。

The United Nations says tens of thousand of people have died since the famine was first declared in parts of southern Somalia in July. Now, refugees have started slowly returning after a good harvest in the recent rainy season.
联合国称，从去年7月份首次宣布索马里南部部分地区饥荒以来，已经有数万人死亡。现在，在最近雨季的好收成之后，难民已经开始慢慢返回。

Hundreds of thousands of Somalis fled to camps in Kenya, Ethiopia and the Somali capital, Mogadishu, in search of food and water. Part of the problem: the militant group al-Shabab has restricted international aid in the areas it controls.
成千上万的索马里人逃往肯尼亚、埃塞尔比亚和索马里首都摩加迪沙的难民营寻找食物和水。其中部分问题是，激进组织青年党在其控制地区内对国际援助做出了严格限制。

In any conflict area, helping those in need can require complex negotiations and compromise. The medical aid group Doctors Without Borders works in many conflict areas, including Somalia. The group is also known as MSF, for Medecins Sans Frontieres in French. The group has published a book called "Humanitarian Negotiations Revealed: The MSF Experience."
在任何冲突地区，帮助有需要的人士可能需要复杂的谈判和妥协。医疗救援组织，无国界医生组织在许多冲突地区工作，包括索马里。该组织也被简称为MSF,这是法语Médecins Sans Frontières的缩写。该组织曾出版了一本名为《人道主义谈判揭秘：无国界医生组织的经历》的书。
 
In recent years, medical and humanitarian workers have been increasingly in danger.
近年来，医疗和人道主义工作人员已经越来越危险。

MICHAEL NEUMAN: "We got ourselves five workers killed in Afghanistan in two thousand four. We got three workers killed in Somalia, expulsion in Niger and in Sudan."
MICHAEL NEUMAN：“2004年，我们有5名工作人员在阿富汗丧生。我们有3名工作人员在索马里被杀害，而在尼日尔和苏丹却被驱逐。”

Michael Neuman is director of the MSF research center in Paris and co-author of the book. He says there is no way to avoid negotiation if medical treatment is to be provided in conflict areas. Negotiations center on a search for common interests between different sides and opposing groups. In the end, he says, "you fight for what you believe in to the maximum, but know that you may not achieve it all."
Michael Neuman是巴黎无国界医生研究中心负责人和这本书的合著者。他说，如果在冲突地区提供医疗救治，谈判无可避免。谈判的核心在于寻找各方和反对团体的共同利益。最后，他说，“你为信仰最大化而战，但要知道，你可能无法实现这一切。”