正文
VOA慢速英语:The Debate Over Targeted Killings
来自美国之音慢速英语，这里是新闻报道。
This week, NBC News reported on a document written by the Department of Justice on the policy of targeted killings of American terrorism suspects. The document is a "white paper" titled “Lawfulness of a Lethal Operation Directed Against a U.S. Citizen Who is a Senior Operational Leader of Al Qa’ida or An Associated Force. ”
这一周，美国全国广播公司新闻网披露了美国司法部所写的定点清除针对美国的恐怖主义嫌疑人的政策文件。该文件是一份题为《针对身为基地或相关组织行动高层的美国公民直接作出致命行动的合法性》的白皮书。
In the memo, the Justice Department says using deadly force in a foreign country against a United States citizen would be lawful if three conditions are met. The first condition is that an informed, high-level official of the United States government has found that the targeted person presents an "imminent threat of violent attack against the United States."
在该备忘录中，美国司法部称，如果满足三个条件，则在国外对美国公民使用致命武器就是合法的。第一个条件是，美国政府高级官员依据情报认为目标人物存在暴力袭击美国的迫切威胁。
The second condition is that capturing the targeted person is not possible, and that the United States continues to monitor the possibility of capture. The third condition is that the operation would not violate the laws of war.
第二个条件是，目标人物无法生擒，而且美国将继续监测抓捕的可能性。第三个条件是，行动不会违反《战争法》。
The paper details the reasons and conditions that a targeted killing of a United States citizen overseas would be lawful under American and international law. The department also provides its reasons why these targeted killings would not violate the constitutional rights of American citizens.
文中详细介绍了定点清除海外美国公民合法的理由和条件是基于美国和国际法律。该部门还提供了其定点清除不会侵犯美国公民宪法权利的理由。
Some unmanned drone air strikes have targeted American citizens linked to al-Qaida, including Anwar al-Awlaki and Samir Khan. They were killed in a drone strike in Yemen in September 2011. Neither man had been charged with crimes in the United States.
一些无人机空袭的目标是与基地组织有关的美国公民，其中包括Anwar al-Awlaki和Samir Khan。2011年9月，他们在也门的一架无人机空袭中丧生。两人在美国皆未受到犯罪指控。
The paper has resulted in criticism from lawmakers and human rights groups. Critics say it could be used to increase the president’s power to use deadly force against suspected terrorists. Democratic Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon says he fears President Obama could be acting as judge, jury and executioner.
该文件已导致国会议员和人权组织的批评。批评者说，它可以被用来增加总统使用致命武器打击恐怖嫌疑人的权力。俄勒冈州民主党参议员Ron Wyden称，他担心奥巴马总统可以同时充当法官，陪审团和刽子手。
"It is the idea of giving any president unfettered power to kill an American without checks and balances that is so troubling. Every American has the right to know when their government believes it is allowed to kill them."
“这种会给任何一位总统不受约束的权力，在没有制衡的情况下杀害美国人的想法令人如此不安。每一个美国人有权知道政府认为可以杀死自己的原因。”
On Wednesday the Obama administration told the Justice Department to share classified documents on the issue with the intelligence committees in Congress. A group of senators sent President Obama a request to receive the documents.
周三，奥巴马政府通知司法部将这个问题上的机密文件与国会情报委员会共享。多名参议员向总统奥巴马写信，要求公开相关档案。
The shorter, unclassified white paper was released just before President Obama’s nominee to lead the Central Intelligence Agency faced a confirmation hearing. John Brennan is currently the president’s counterterrorism adviser. He has been an active supporter of permitting drone strikes against American citizens suspected of terrorist activities.
就在奥巴马就中情局负责人的提名面临任命听证会之前，这份简短的非机密白皮书被披露了。John Brennan是现任总统反恐顾问。他一直是允许无人机打击涉嫌恐怖活动的美国公民的积极支持者。
Mr. Brennan defended the policy during his confirmation hearing Thursday before the Senate Intelligence Committee. He said the strikes were done only when no other method could work to protect the safety of Americans. He also said the government would rather capture terrorists in order to gather intelligence from them.
Brennan先生周四在参议院情报委员会的任命听证会上对该政策进行了辩护。他说，只有当没有其它办法能够保护美国人的安全时才会使用无人机。他还表示，美国政府更愿意抓捕恐怖分子以便收集情报。
"I never believe it is better to kill a terrorist than to detain him. We want to detain as many terrorists as possible so we can elicit intelligence from them in an appropriate manner and disrupt terrorist attacks."
“我从不认为杀了恐怖分子会比抓捕他更好。我们想要尽可能多地逮捕恐怖分子，这样我们就能以适当方式从他们那里获取情报并破坏掉恐怖袭击。”
手机网站