VOA慢速英语:Learning Participial Phrases with Famous Songs

karaoke – n. a form of entertainment in which a device plays the music of popular songs and people sing the words to the songs they choose

participle – n. a form of a verb that is used to indicate a past or present action and that can also be used like an adjective

participial phrase – n. a phrase that starts with a participle

relative clause – n. a kind of dependent clause. It has a subject and verb, but it is not a sentence. Relative clauses are often called “adjectival" because they function like adjectives.

derive – v. to have something as a source : to come from something

modify – v. to change or amend something

pattern – n. a repeated form or design; the repeated way in which something is done

construction – n. the way something is built; a structure