VOA慢速英语:China Places a New, Higher Tax on Pollution(翻译)

短语讲解：

1. More people are paying attention to the deadly effects of microscopic air pollutants called PM 2.5. These small particles can harm human lungs.

pay attention to 注意
例句：In doing our work, we must pay attention to ways and means.
做工作应注意方式方法。

2. The law aims to deal with the failure of local governments to watch, enforce, and punish polluters.

deal with 应付; 对待; 惠顾; 与…交易
例句：I have no way yet as to deal with such a complicated situation.
这样复杂的局面该怎么应付我还没谱儿呢。

3. In the past, local officials from China's Ministry of Environmental Protection were responsible for collecting pollution fees and the system was easy to abuse.

be responsible for 为…负责，形成…的原因; 主管
例句：You'll be responsible for anything wrong.
出了事唯你是问。

4. Earlier this month, state media reported that investigations this year have led to the punishment of more than 3,700 officials for not effectively protecting the environment.

lead to 导致; 把…带到
例句：He speculated that this might lead to a success.
他推测这可能会导致成功。

5. Now, local tax officials will send the money directly to the local governments, instead of local environmental protection departments.

instead of （用…） 代替…， （是…）而不是…， （用…）而不用…
例句：The farmers will be paid for their grain in cash, instead of IOUs.
农民卖粮，将以现金支付，而不是白条了。

6. The new law does not take effect until January 2018.

take effect 生效，奏效
例句：International sanctions were beginning to take effect.
国际制裁开始起作用了。

7. Coal mines and users are expected to pay less than one dollar for one ton of waste.

be expected to 被期待做某事; 有望做某事; 期许
例句：I shall be expected to shell out the money for the party.
我将要支付这个集会的费用。

8. The new tax law is expected to collect as much as $50 billion during its first year.

as much as 差不多
例句: I try to ward off fatigue by resting as much as possible.
为了防止疲劳，我尽可能多休息。

9. She said the current cost to polluters is not enough to limit or pay for the environmental costs.

pay for 赔偿; 为…付钱
例句：I' ll give you double pay for working overtime.
你加班我付你双倍工钱。