VOA慢速英语:Groups Seek to Ban Smoking at U.S. Colleges and Public Housing

New efforts are underway to make American college campuses and public housing off limits to cigarette smoking.
目前正采取新的行动禁止在美国高校以及公共场所抽烟。

Twenty colleges in the United States recently received grants to help make their campuses tobacco free.
20所美国高校最近获得了政府补助，帮助学校打造无烟高校。

And in November, U.S. Housing and Urban Development Secretary Julian Castro announced that smoking will become illegal at all public housing over the next 18 months.The federal housing department has over one million homes.
11月份时，美国住房和城市发展部长朱利安·卡斯特罗，宣布在接下来的18个月，在公房内抽烟将会归为违法行为。联邦住房部门有超过100万个房间。

“Every child deserves to grow up in a safe, healthy home free from harmful second-hand cigarette smoke,” Castro said.
卡斯特罗表示：“每个孩子都应当在一个安全健康不受二手烟污染的环境中长大。”

The move to ban smoking at public housing units and college campuses follows approval of state laws banning smoking at most workplaces.
在公共场所禁烟的州法律通过之后，在公共单元房以及高校禁烟的行动随之而至。

The Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids reports that 27 American states ban smoking in all indoor workplaces, including restaurants.California became the first state to ban smoking at most workplaces in 1995.
据无烟草青少年运动报道，美国有27个州在公共场所全面禁烟，其中包括餐厅。1995年，加利福尼亚州成为第一个在大部分公共场所禁烟的州。

Thirty-two countries had banned smoking at most workplaces as of 2012, the Tobacco Atlas reports.
据烟草地图报道，自2012年起，32个国家都开始在大部分公共场所展开禁烟。

Those supporting smoke-free workplaces, public housing and college campuses give one major reason:the negative health effects of smoking.
那些支持无烟工作场所、无烟公共住房、无烟高校都有一个理由：抽烟对健康的负面影响。

The Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization say the health effects of smoking are large.The CDC says cigarette smoking is the leading cause of “preventable deaths” in the United States.Smoking accounts for 480,000 deaths every year, it says.
疾病控制中心（CDC）以及世界卫生组织表示抽烟的危害非常大。CDC表示，在美国，抽烟是可预防死亡的首要因素。该机构表示，每年都会有480,000人因抽烟死亡。

A New York City smokers’rights group opposes the new ban on smoking at public housing units.
纽约市一个吸烟者权利组织对该项禁令表示反抗。

Audrey Silk is founder of Citizens Lobbying Against Smoker Harassment.She wrote to President-elect Donald Trump, asking him to stop the ban after he becomes president on January 20.
奥德利·希尔克是吸烟保护组织（Citizens Lobbying Against Smoker Harassment）的发起人。她致信总统当选人特朗普，要求特朗普1月20号就职之后取消此禁令。

Silk says officials are going too far in trying to stop people from using a legal product.
希尔克表示官员们在试图阻止人们使用合法产品这方面做得有些过分了。

She told Trump the new federal housing rule would force old or sick people to walk outside their homes to smoke,even when the weather is bad.
她表示，此项新的联邦公房规定将会让那些年迈孱弱的人们离开家走上大街去抽烟，即使天气条件很恶劣。

“At stake is the right of U.S. citizens to be left alone to engage in a legal activity in the privacy of one’s own home,” Silk said.
希尔克表示：“问题在于这样做是弃美国公民于不顾，而是要关注在自己家中原本是合法的行为。”

But supporters of smoking bans and smoke-free areas say the bad effects of second-hand smoke make it a public health issue.Some also say that college campuses are a good place to limit or ban smoking.
但支持禁烟支持无烟场所的人们表示，二手烟的危害已经成为公共健康问题。也有人表示高校是限制或者禁烟的好地方。

Gary Reedy is chief executive officer of the American Cancer Society, which recently announced anti-smoking grants to 20 U.S. colleges.He said it is important to stop college students from smoking, “to be successful in creating a tobacco-free generation.”
盖里·里迪是美国癌症协会的首席执行官，最近，该协会宣布为20所美国高校提供抗烟补助。他表示禁止高校学生抽烟对打造无烟一代来说至关重要。

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 13 percent of adults between the ages of 18 and 24 smoke cigarettes.Reedy said that reducing the number of college students who smoke can lead to reduced smoking rates among older adults.
疾病防治中心估计，18岁至24岁的青少年中有13%的人抽烟。里迪表示减少抽烟的高校学生数量能够降低老年人群体的抽烟率。

His reasoning?Once a person starts smoking, it is hard to stop, Reedy says.
那么他这么说有什么依据呢？里迪表示，一旦开始抽烟就很难戒掉。

The CVS Health Foundation is providing $3.6 million for the anti-smoking grants.The foundation was started by the American drug store company CVS.
CVS健康基金会现已拨出360万美元作为反对吸烟的补助。该基金会由美国医药公司CVS发起。

CVS stopped selling cigarettes in 2014.
CVS在2014年时就停止销售香烟。

The American Cancer Society says about one third of America’s 4,700 college campuses are already smoke-free.
美国癌症协会表示目前美国4700所高校中已经有三分之一的学校实现了无烟化。

Thomas Gibson is vice president for student affairs at Bowling Green State University in Ohio.The school is one of the grant winners.He said Bowling Green wants to help urge students to not start smoking.
托马斯·吉布森是俄亥俄州博林格林州立大学学生事务处副主席。该校也是获得补贴的学校之一。他表示学校敦促学生不要抽烟。

For those students who already smoke, the school wants to help them stop, he said.
此外，该学校还希望帮那些已经开始抽烟的学生戒掉烟瘾。

I’m Caty Weaver.
凯蒂·韦弗为您报道。

And I’m Pete Musto.
彼得·马斯托为您报道。