VOA慢速英语:Running in Cold Weather Improves Performance(翻译)

Today’s program is for people who like to run.
今天的节目是为了喜欢跑步的人。

Cold weather during winter months may keep many people from leaving home and running in the open air.
冬季寒冷的天气可能会让许多人不愿意离开家，也不愿在户外跑步。

However, a new study shows that the drop in temperature is a good reason to run. In fact, researchers say, running in cold weather helps improve one’s performance.
然而，一项新的研究表明，温度的下降是跑步的好理由。事实上，研究人员说，在寒冷的天气里跑步有助于改善自己的身体机能。

Many people say running in the winter can be difficult. Two reasons are the low temperatures and bitter winds. Yet many runners might find it easier than running in hot weather.
很多人说冬天跑步很困难。有两个原因，分别是低温和刺骨的寒风。然而，许多跑步者可能会发现这比在炎热的天气里跑步更加容易。

That could be because lower temperatures reduce stress on the body. When you run in cold weather, your heart rate and the body’s dehydration levels are lower than in warmer conditions. The body needs less water on a cold day than in warm weather.
这可能是因为较低的温度降低了身体的压力。当你在寒冷的天气里跑步时，你的心率和身体的脱水程度要低于在温暖的环境下跑步。寒冷的天气与温暖的天气相比，身体需要较少的水。

This information comes from sports scientists at St. Mary’s University in London. John Brewer is a professor of applied sport science at St. Mary’s.
这些信息出自伦敦圣玛丽大学的运动科学家。约翰·布鲁尔（John Brewer）是圣玛丽大学的应用运动科学教授。

For this study, he and other researchers put a group of people into a room they called an “environmental chamber.” The researchers then recreated summer and winter weather conditions in the room. The test subjects were asked to run 10,000 meters under both conditions. Brewer says he and his team recorded biological measurements of the runners.
针对这项研究，他和其他研究人员让一群人进入房间，他们称之为“环境室”。然后研究人员在房间里重新创造夏天和冬天的环境。要求测试对象在这两种条件下跑10,000米。布鲁尔说他和他的团队记录了跑步者的身体指标。

We’ve got a group of subjects into the environmental chamber, we’ve changed the conditions to replicate the summer or winter and we’ve got them to run a 10k under both of those conditions and taken various measurements on each runner whilst they’ve been completing their 10k.
“我们让一组受试者进入环境室，我们改变条件以重现夏季或冬季，我们让他们在这两种环境下跑10公里，当他们完成时，对每个跑步者进行各种测量。

Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating. The body loses heat through droplets of sweat. He says the body also loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin.
布鲁尔说运动者的每步运动都会产生热量。他解释道，我们散发热量的一种方式是出汗。身体通过汗液散热。他说身体也通过将血液输送到皮肤表面而散发热量。

That heat builds up in the body and can be really damaging unless you can lose that heat. One of the mechanisms by which we lose heat is through sweating, but we also lose heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin where it can lose heat out into the external environment. Now, that puts more strain on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it’s much harder to lose heat when the external environment is warm as well.
“这种热量在体内积聚，并且可能真的被损害，除非你散发热量。我们散发热量的一个途径就是出汗，但是我们同样可以通过将血液运输到皮肤表面而散发热量，皮肤的表面可以将热量散发到外部环境中。于是，那会对心脏产生更大的压力，特别是在炎热的环境下，因为当外部环境同样温暖时，更难以散发热量。

And that increased strain, adds Brewer, can be considerable. Running in higher temperatures results in faster heart rates.
布鲁尔补充道，这增加的负担可是相当大。在较高的温度下跑步导致心率加快。

We found, for example, that heart rates were about 6 percent higher in the hotter conditions. We found that the runners dehydrated by around 30, 38 percent more in those hotter conditions.And they found it about 30 percent easier -- the test of their thermal regulation, how they felt their perception of heat--was around a third lower when they were running in cold conditions.
“我们发现，例如，在更热的环境下，心率高出约6％。我们发现，在那些更热的环境下，跑步者脱水约30.38％（30, 38 percent），而且他们发现测试的热量调节很容易达到30％左右，——当他们在寒冷的环境下跑步时，他们对热的感知大约低出三分之一。

The body does not have to work as hard to pump blood to the skin’s surface. Brewer says that means running in cooler temperatures requires less energy.He adds that serious runners could cut valuable seconds off their personal best times by choosing to run in the winter.
身体不必费力地将血液输送到皮肤表面。布鲁尔说，这意味着在较冷的温度下跑步需要更少的能量。他补充道，认真的跑步者可以通过选择在冬天跑步，减少个人最佳时间中有价值的几秒。

If you look at top-level sports, if you look at the likes of Mo Farah running 10Ks and winning world and Olympic championships;the difference between success and failure is seconds, and it’s certainly not minutes. We can be very confident that in cooler conditions you can certainly slice a decent percentage of time off your personal best.
“如果你看看顶级的运动，如果你看看莫·法拉的长跑10公里，赢得世界和奥运的冠军，成功和失败的区别就是秒，这当然不是分钟。我们非常有信心，在冷一些的环境下，你当然会减少个人最佳时间中有价值的几秒。

Several websites note that the most important thing for people who run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. Keeping as dry as possible is most important when exercising in low temperatures. Wear mittens on your hands instead of gloves. Wear shoes that will keep you from falling. And especially, wear more than one layer of clothing to keep sweat away from your skin.
几个网站指出，对于在寒冷环境下跑步的人来说，最重要的是穿着合适的衣服。在低温下锻炼时，保持尽可能地干燥是最重要的。手上戴上露指手套，而不是全部围起来的手套。穿上合适的鞋子，防止摔倒。特别是，穿一层以上的衣服，保持汗水离开你的皮肤。

So, if you are a runner, don’t let winter weather keep you indoors. Simply get ready for the low temperatures and start running.
所以，如果你是一名跑步者，请不要因为冬天的天气而选择呆在室内。只需为低温做好准备，然后开始跑步。

I’m Anna Matteo.
安娜·马特奥为您报道。