VOA慢速英语:A 'Working' Vocabulary on Words to the Wise

formal – adj. suitable for serious or official speech and writing

apply – v. to ask formally for something (such as a job, admission to a school, a loan, etc.) usually in writing

hire – v. to give work or a job to (someone) in exchange for wages or a salary

indeed – adv. without any question — used to stress the truth of a statement

substitute – n. a person or thing that takes the place of someone or something else