周五晚上将有月偏食 持续三个半小时

A nearly total lunar eclipse is set to happen on Friday and people in many parts of the world will be able to see it.

It will be the longest partial lunar eclipse to happen this century, records from the American space agency NASA show. NASA says the main part of the eclipse will last 3 hours, 28 minutes and 23 seconds. The longest total lunar eclipse to happen this century was on July 27, 2018. That one lasted about one hour and 43 minutes.

Friday's lunar eclipse will be visible in all of North America, as well as large parts of South America, eastern Australia and northeastern Asia. It will not be visible to people in the Middle East, most of Africa, Eastern Europe and central Asia.

Eclipse watchers in North America and the Pacific will be able to witness the full event in late evening Thursday or in the early morning hours of Friday. The partial lunar eclipse can also be seen in South America and Western Europe early Friday morning.

People in other areas – including New Zealand, Australia, Japan, China and Southeast Asia – will be able to see parts of the eclipse beginning in late afternoon or evening hours on Friday.

A lunar eclipse happens when the sun, Earth and moon line up in such a way that the moon passes into the darkness of Earth's shadow. The eclipse will happen over several different stages.

In a total lunar eclipse, the whole moon falls within the darkest part of Earth's shadow. In Friday's partial lunar eclipse, more than 97 percent of the moon will fall within this shadow.

NASA says the eclipse is expected to reach its peak at 9:03 UTC time. The moon will look darker and appear to turn a reddish-brown color. This happens because the only sunlight reaching the moon passes through Earth's atmosphere.

After the peak, the full shadow of Earth will begin to slowly move off the moon to the lower right, before completely leaving the full shadow by 10:47 UTC.

"The more dust or clouds in Earth's atmosphere during the eclipse, the redder the moon will appear," NASA said in a statement. "It's as if all the world's sunrises and sunsets are projected onto the moon."

The upcoming eclipse is happening during a full moon. Ancient cultures around the world gave names to the 12 full moons that happen throughout the year.

In North America, traditional names are given to full moons. NASA says many of these names came from Native Americans. Some were first published by the Farmers' Almanac, in the northeastern state of Maine, in the 1930s.

Traditional names for the November full moon include the Beaver Moon, the Frost or Frosty Moon and the Snow Moon. Because of the current full moon name, Friday's event has been widely publicized as the Beaver Moon partial lunar eclipse.

One interpretation of the Beaver Moon is that mid-autumn was traditionally the time for hunters seeking beaver fur to set their traps before waters froze. NASA notes that another reason for the name could be linked to how active beavers are during the autumn as they prepare for winter.

The terms frost, frosty and snow in the other names describe the frosts and early snowfall that usually begin at this time of year in many parts of the U.S.

I'm Bryan Lynn.

Bryan Lynn wrote this story for VOA Learning English based on reports from NASA. Hai Do was the editor.

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partial – adj. part of something or not complete

visible – adj. able to be seen

stage – n. a particular time in a process

peak – n. the highest level or value of something

frost – n. a thin, white layer of ice that forms on surfaces when it is very cold

interpretation – n. an explanation or opinion of what something means

fur – n. the thick hair that covers the bodies of some animals