美国能做什么来帮助乌克兰？

United States President Joe Biden says he will not send troops to Ukraine if Russian soldiers invade.

The U.S. has no responsibility to support Ukraine. But doing little to help the former Soviet Union nation has risks, too. Experts say that if the U.S. does not push back, it could hurt the stability of eastern Europe. Russia could consider moves against other countries like Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Those nations, however, have the support of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or NATO.

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken is in Europe this week for meetings with Ukrainian officials and NATO allies. He also plans to meet with Russia's foreign minister.

Blinken has said the U.S. supports Ukraine's independence and right to defend its territory. He has not explained how the U.S. would respond to a Russian invasion.

Why not help Ukraine fight?

President Joe Biden said earlier this week that he "guessed" Putin will send fighters into Ukraine, but it might not be a full war. In the past, Biden said he would not send the U.S. military into Ukraine to help fight Russia. On Thursday, however, he added Russia will "pay a heavy price" if it starts a war with Ukraine.

Russia responded by saying it is not planning an invasion. It accused the U.S. and other nations of "provoking" Russia by sending weapons and supplies to the area.

Russia has said it does not want NATO to expand further east. The U.S. has rejected that demand. There is already fighting between Russia and Ukraine on the Crimean Peninsula. More than 14,000 people have died over eight years of fighting.

In Washington, both Republicans and Democrats are urging Biden and Blinken to do more. Congressman Jim Hines of Connecticut, a Democrat, said the U.S. should be sending more supplies and military trainers into Ukraine to help.

Philip Breedlove is a former general in the U.S. Air Force and was the top NATO military leader in Europe from 2013 to 2016. He said if Putin invades Ukraine and no one fights back, "we will see more of the same."

What can Biden do to stop Russia?

It would be difficult to stop a Russian invasion, but experts say the U.S. could make strategic threats to make Putin hold back.

Seth Jones is a political scientist, and Philip Wasielewski is a former CIA officer. They wrote about Ukraine on January 13 for the Center for Strategic and International Studies. They said the best defense would be preventing a quick Russian victory. If Russia believed that a war with Ukraine could take a long time and have economic, political and military costs, it could think twice about an invasion.

Biden's advisers say they are thinking in a similar way.

How is the U.S. supporting Ukraine's military now?

John Kirby is the press spokesperson for the Pentagon. He said there are about 200 members of the U.S. National Guard in Ukraine training soldiers along with other special U.S. troops. He said the U.S. does not plan to send more people.

The U.S. recently said it will send another $200 million in military aid to Ukraine. That is in addition to about $2.5 billion of military aid sent since 2014.

What would the U.S. do to help after a Russian attack?

National security adviser Jake Sullivan said the U.S. would increase support for Ukraine, but did not say exactly how.

The U.S. also said it might increase military support to NATO member nations in eastern Europe.

Jones and Wasielewski wrote that the U.S. should make it clear it will fully support Ukraine financially if Russia invades. They said the aid could be delivered by U.S troops or by the CIA. However, these actions would put Americans in the middle of a war the U.S. is trying to avoid.

I'm Jill Robbins.

Robert Burns wrote this story for the Associated Press. Dan Friedell adapted it for for Learning English.

What do you think will happen if Russia attacks Ukraine? Write to us in the Comments Section and visit hxen.net.

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stability – n. the quality or state of something that is not easily changed or likely to change

provoke – v. to cause the occurrence of (a feeling or action) or to make (something) happen

strategic – adj. of or relating to a general plan that is created to achieve a goal in war, politics, etc., usually over a long period of time