美国研究人员公布另一例猪肾移植人体手术

American doctors have released details about another operation involving the transplant of pig organs into humans.
美国医生公布了另一项涉及将猪器官移植到人体的手术的细节。

A medical team from the University of Alabama at Birmingham said it had successfully transplanted pig kidneys into a brain-dead human. The operation took place last September, but was first reported January 20.
来自阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校的一个医疗小组表示，他们已经成功地将猪肾移植到一位脑死亡的患者体内。该手术于去年9月进行，但是在1月20日才首次报道出来。

Similar operations have taken place in recent months.
最近几个月还进行了类似的手术。

In October, doctors at New York University temporarily attached a pig kidney to blood vessels outside the body of a brain-dead human. And earlier this month, doctors at University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore transplanted a pig heart into a living human patient.
去年10月，纽约大学的医生将一个猪肾临时连接到一位脑死亡患者体外的血管上。本月早些时候，巴尔的摩马里兰大学医学院的医生将一颗猪心移植到一位活着的患者体内。

In all of the operations, doctors used organs from genetically modified pigs provided by Virginia-based medical company Revivicor.
在所有这些手术中，医生们都使用了总部位于弗吉尼亚州的Revivicor医疗公司提供的转基因猪的器官。

The latest experiment in Alabama was performed on 57-year-old Jim Parsons, who was declared brain-dead after being injured in a motorcycle accident. His family donated his body to science.
阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校这项最新实验是在57岁的吉姆·帕森斯身上进行的，他在一次摩托车事故中受伤后被宣布为脑死亡。他的家人将他的遗体捐献给了科学界。

For a little more than three days -- until the man's body was removed from life support -- the two pig kidneys survived with no signs of immediate rejection, the medical team reported. The results were recently published in a study in the American Journal of Transplantation.
该医疗小组报告称，两个猪肾在3天多一点的时间里都存活了下来，没有出现排斥现象，直到该男子的身体脱离生命支持系统。该结果最近发表在《美国移植》杂志的一项研究中。

Dr. Jayme Locke of the University of Alabama at Birmingham led the new study. She told The Associated Press the experiment marks the beginning of a planned series of pig kidney transplants.
阿拉巴马大学伯明翰分校的杰米·洛克博士领导了这项研究。她告诉美联社，该实验标志着计划中的一系列猪肾移植的开始。

"The organ shortage is in fact an unmitigated crisis, and we've never had a real solution to it," Locke said.
洛克表示：“器官短缺实际上是一场彻底的危机，我们从未有过真正的解决方案。”

She added that an important finding of the latest operation helped answer a major question: Could the pig kidney blood vessels survive the force of human blood pressure? She said the operation proved that the answer was yes.
她还表示，最新手术的一项重要发现有助于回答一个重大问题：猪肾血管能否在人体血压的作用下存活下来？她说，手术证明答案是肯定的。

One kidney was damaged during removal from the pig and did not work effectively, the team reported. But the other quickly started producing urine as a kidney is supposed to.
该小组报告称，在从猪身上取出的过程中，有一个肾脏受损无法有效工作。但另一个很快就开始像肾脏一样产生尿液。

Locke said no pig viruses were passed on to the human, and no pig cells were found in the man's bloodstream. She added that the latest experiment showed that brain-dead bodies can serve as much-needed human models to test out possible new treatments.
洛克表示，该患者没有感染猪病毒，在该男子血液中也没有发现猪细胞。她还表示，最新实验表明，脑死亡患者可以作为急需的人体模型来测试可能的新疗法。

In the donor pigs, scientists removed several genes linked to organ rejection. They also removed another gene in an effort to prevent too much growth of pig heart tissue.
科学家在供体猪身上移除了几个与器官排斥有关的基因。他们还移除了另一个基因，以防止猪心脏组织过度生长。

Dr. Robert Montgomery has led similar experiments at New York University's Langone Health in New York City. He told the AP that scientists still have a lot to learn about how long pig organs survive, and how best to genetically change them. "I think different organs will require different genetic modifications," he said.
罗伯特·蒙哥马利博士在纽约大学朗格尼医学中心领导了一项类似的实验。他告诉美联社，关于猪器官的存活时间以及如何最好地对它们进行基因改造，科学家们还有很多东西需要了解。他说：“我认为不同的器官需要不同的基因改造。”

Organ donor organizations estimate there are about 110,000 Americans currently waiting for an organ transplant. And more than 6,000 patients die each year before getting an organ, reports organdonor.gov.
器官捐献组织估计目前大约有11万名美国人在等待器官移植。据器官捐献网站报道，每年有超过6000名患者在获得器官移植前死亡。

I'm Bryan Lynn.
我是布莱恩·林恩。