格言和俗语正确运用详解
2007-10-31来源:
老外平时除使用许多俚语(slang)外,也常夹些格言(adage)、俗语(proverb)、引语(quotation)、警句(saying)或是众所周知的道理(truism)。这些玩儿,也与中文里不少的格言或俗语等意义相近。使用起来,颇有“异曲同工”之妙。
1.Like attracts(或 draws)like. 意思是:相同的人吸引相同的人。 (like 指 similar people)这与另一句谬语 “Birds of a feather flock together.”(相同羽毛的鸟在一起)意义相似。(a = same)也就是咱们常说的“物以类聚”或“同声相应,同气相求”。
2.(Too much) familiarity breeds contempt. 意思是说:相处过于亲密,就会产生侮慢之心(不尊重)(即 low opinion)(breed = create)这句话又与另一句俗语“Too thick does not stick.” (太稠或太浓反而黏不住)意思相近。 也就是说: “closeness brings disagreement.”(亲不敬,熟生蔑); 就是劝人:“君子之交淡如水”或“保持距离,以策安全”。
3.Once bitten(或 bit),twice shy. 就是说:一次被咬,下次胆小。或是一次上当,下次小心。(shy = avoid)动词时态:bite, bit, bitten(或 bit) 这又与另一句俗语“A burnt child fears(或dreads)the fire.”(被灼伤的小孩怕火)相似。说白些,就是: When you have bad experience, you don't want to have the same experience again. 这不就是“一朝被蛇咬,见绳也心惊”或“一日被蛇咬,十年怕草绳”吗?
4.A stitch in time save nine. 意思是:“一针及时省九针”。也是“一针不补,十针难缝”或“小洞不补,大洞叫苦”的味道。这句警语与“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.”(一分的预防,胜于十分的治疗)意义相近。此外,还有:“Don't wait for a rainy day to fix the roof.(不要等到下雨时才去修补屋顶); 或“Always prepare for a rainy day.”或“Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.”(做最坏的打算和最好的希望)这些警语,说的都是“未雨绸缪”。
5.Old habits die hard. 意思是说:改掉老习惯很不容易。“It is difficult to break an old habit.”这与另一句谚语:“You can not teach an old dog new tricks.”(你不能教老狗新把戏)。这就是所谓“江山易改,本性难移”。
6.Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 意思是:一个人不在时,使人内心更想念。“When a person is absent, we may think of him/her more often.”与“久别情深”、“眼不见,心更念”、“人去情渐深”,或是“一日不见如隔三秋”的意味相近。
7.A penny saved is a penny earned. 据说这是Ben Franklin 的引语。照字面意义是:能存一分钱,就是赚了一分钱。后来有人改口说: Take care of your pennies(=pence)and the pounds (=dollars)will take care of themselves. 说白些,就是: If you save small amount of money, you will eventually have a large sum of money. 就是中国人所谓“积少成多,集腋成裘”。(这句话也可指小事谨慎,大事自成。)
8.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.意思是说:当在罗马时,就照罗马人的(生活)方式去做。所以有人也改口说: When in America, do as the Americans do. 就是“入国问禁,入乡随俗。”
9.What is done cannot be undone.意思是:做过的事,不能再还原。(动词时态:undo, undid, undone)。这与另一句谚语 “Don't cry over spilt milk.”或“It is no use crying over spilt milk.”意义相似。也就是说:What is done is done或What has taken place, nothing can be done about it.(take place=happen)就是“覆水难收”、“往者已矣”。
10.Don't(或Never)cross a bridge till(或until)you come to it. 照字面的意义是:不等到桥边,就不必过桥。也有人说:We have to go across the bridge when we come to it. (it 指桥;bridge也指问题或困难),换句话说:不必为将来顾虑太多“Don't worry too much in advance.”劝人当问题出现时再设法解决不迟。“You have to face the problem or difficulty when the time comes.”这与所谓“船到桥头自然直”,颇有相似之处。
11.All good things must come to an end. 意思是说:一切好事,总会结束的。也就像咱们所谓“天下没有不散的宴席”或“好景无常”。换句话说:人生的道路是崎岖不平的(Life is bumpy.)或(Road bumps in our life.)但也不必悲观,生命也有光明的一面(There is light at the end of the tunnel.)
12.Beauty is but (=only) skin-deep. 意思是:美貌只是一层皮或外表的美是肤浅、短暂的。“Beauty is just as deep as skin.”这与其他两句格言:“Don't judge a book by its cover.”(评价一本书不是只看书的包装)“Appearances are deceiving.”(外表是骗人的)意义相近,所以唯有内在的品格才是永久的重要的,(Personality Counts),不可以貌取人,否则就成为所谓的“绣花枕头”了。
13.What goes around comes around. 意思是:你的所做所为,也会得到报应的。 “What comes out of you will return to you.”这句话有些迷信 (superstition) ,像“十年河东,十年河西,风水轮着转”。不过老外所指的“因果报应”,多半是指“恶报”。 (注意:不是What comes around goes around.)
14.Money talks. 这句话“钱会说话”或“金钱最有发言权”。也有人后面加上一句:It(money)talks all languages.(它会说多种语言),也就是说:money is power. 或是说:Money makes the man. If you have money, even a fool is a master.(金钱改变一个人,假如你有钱,即使是傻瓜,也会变成主人。)这些谚语,与咱们所说的“金钱万能”、“钱可通神”或“有钱能使鬼推磨”的古老观念,意义相近。 (现代许多人倒认为“钱不是一切”)“money is not everything.”
15.Nice guys finish last. 意思是:好人吃亏。(guy=person)这与另一句谚语相似:Nice(honest)people get short end of stick.(get short end of stick=not treated fairly); 也有老外说:(You)never give a sucker an even break.(你从不给老实人公平待遇)(even break=fair dial;sucker是指老实或易受骗的人),就是“好人受欺”。
16. A small spark makes a great fire. 这与另一句警语:“It takes one small spark to start a forest fire.”意义相同。 也就是我们所说的“星星之火,可以燎原”。其实也可以说是:A trifle may, often cause great disaster.(小事也会引起大灾难)。
17. Out of sight, out of mind!意思是:看不见,心就不会想(烦恼)。 也就是咱们所谓“眼不见为净”。也有人说是:“Long absent, soon forgotten”或“Seldom seen, soon forgotten.”“见得少,忘得快”或是“时间会冲淡感情”。说白些,就是:If you don't see it, you just forget about it.
18. Treat others as you want to be treated. 意思是说:你想别人怎样对待你,你就要怎样对待别人。 或者说:Treat others as you want others to treat you,也可以说:Do unto others as you would have others(them)do unto you.(unto 是古体的介系词=to)这与咱们所说的“己所不欲,勿施于人”意思相似。
19. There is no place like home. 意思是:没有一个地方像自己的家那么好。 还有其他说法:East, West, home is best或Home, sweet home!或是No place is as desirable as home. 这就像中国人所说的“金窝银窝,不如自己的狗窝。” (home是指经过装饰过而有人住的温暖的家,而house可能只是空空没人住过的房子)
20. Actions speak louder than words. 照字面意思是:行动比言语更响亮(有效)。 换句话说:采取行动要比高谈阔论好(It is better to take action than just to talk about it.)即“事实胜于雄辩”。
21. The pot calls(或calling)the kettle black. 意思是:锅嫌水壶黑。 此外,还有类似的谚语:All cats are(或look)black(或gray)in the dark.或者We are in the same boat.也就是说:大家彼此彼此(We are all equal或We are in the same situation。就像“五十步笑百步”或“乌鸦笑猪黑”。
22. Champagne tastes on a beer budget. 意思是说:只有喝啤酒的预算,却有喝香槟酒的爱好。 也就是指一些人花钱超出自己的能力。(Some people spend more money than they can afford.)或Some people live beyond their means.这不就是“打肿脸充胖子”吗?
23. It never rains, but it pours. 照字面意思:不是微微细雨,而是大雨倾盆。 也就是说:坏事接二连三的降临 (The bad thing come in succession.) 这与咱们所谓的“祸不单行”或“屋漏偏逢连夜雨,船破又逢对头风”意思相似。
24. One picture is worth a thousand words. 意思是:一张画(或照片)胜过一千字的描写。 如同中国人所说的“百闻不如一见”。(Seeing is better than hearing a hundred times.) (注意:Words are worth a thousands pictures.,又是指一篇文章描写得十分生动)
25. A slip of tongue cannot be recalled.意思是:(不小心)说漏了嘴,是收不回来的。 或者说:One word once let go can not be recalled. 这都是劝人说话要谨慎负责。即“一言既出,驷马难追”。
26. You cannot make filet mignon out of chopped liver. 意思是:你不能从品质差的肉,制造品质高的肉。filet mignon 是法国小牛排,是 high quality of meat ,而 chopped liver 是指品质差的肉,这里的 liver 未必是动物的肝脏,说白些,就是:Something with good quality can not be made with cheap material. 这与咱们所说的“朽木不可雕也”,颇有相似。
27. a chip off (或 of) the old block. 照字面说:木头中的一个碎片。 这与另外两句谚语相似:“Like father, like son.”(相貌性格等酷似父亲的儿子)“As the old cock crows, so crow the young.”(老公鸡在叫,小公鸡也跟着叫)(动词时态:crow, crowed(或crew), crowed)因为孩子多半是模仿父母的(Children generally imitate their parents.)(多半指男性)这就是咱们所谓的“有其父必有其子”。
28. Make hay while the sun shines. 意思是:晒草要趁阳光好。 这与另一句“seize the day”(把握今朝)= carpe diem 是拉丁文,意义相近。就是“行事要趁机会好”(make the most of an opportunity)。
29. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread. 就是所谓“愚者仓促,智者小心”的意思,劝人不可轻举妄动。(Don't jump without thinking.)
30. Judge not lest ye(=you)be judged.这句话是劝人不可批评别人。 (Don't criticize others.)因为你如果批评别人,那么别人也会批评你。(If you criticize others, you'll expect others to criticize you!)
1.Like attracts(或 draws)like. 意思是:相同的人吸引相同的人。 (like 指 similar people)这与另一句谬语 “Birds of a feather flock together.”(相同羽毛的鸟在一起)意义相似。(a = same)也就是咱们常说的“物以类聚”或“同声相应,同气相求”。
2.(Too much) familiarity breeds contempt. 意思是说:相处过于亲密,就会产生侮慢之心(不尊重)(即 low opinion)(breed = create)这句话又与另一句俗语“Too thick does not stick.” (太稠或太浓反而黏不住)意思相近。 也就是说: “closeness brings disagreement.”(亲不敬,熟生蔑); 就是劝人:“君子之交淡如水”或“保持距离,以策安全”。
3.Once bitten(或 bit),twice shy. 就是说:一次被咬,下次胆小。或是一次上当,下次小心。(shy = avoid)动词时态:bite, bit, bitten(或 bit) 这又与另一句俗语“A burnt child fears(或dreads)the fire.”(被灼伤的小孩怕火)相似。说白些,就是: When you have bad experience, you don't want to have the same experience again. 这不就是“一朝被蛇咬,见绳也心惊”或“一日被蛇咬,十年怕草绳”吗?
4.A stitch in time save nine. 意思是:“一针及时省九针”。也是“一针不补,十针难缝”或“小洞不补,大洞叫苦”的味道。这句警语与“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure.”(一分的预防,胜于十分的治疗)意义相近。此外,还有:“Don't wait for a rainy day to fix the roof.(不要等到下雨时才去修补屋顶); 或“Always prepare for a rainy day.”或“Prepare for the worst and hope for the best.”(做最坏的打算和最好的希望)这些警语,说的都是“未雨绸缪”。
5.Old habits die hard. 意思是说:改掉老习惯很不容易。“It is difficult to break an old habit.”这与另一句谚语:“You can not teach an old dog new tricks.”(你不能教老狗新把戏)。这就是所谓“江山易改,本性难移”。
6.Absence makes the heart grow fonder. 意思是:一个人不在时,使人内心更想念。“When a person is absent, we may think of him/her more often.”与“久别情深”、“眼不见,心更念”、“人去情渐深”,或是“一日不见如隔三秋”的意味相近。
7.A penny saved is a penny earned. 据说这是Ben Franklin 的引语。照字面意义是:能存一分钱,就是赚了一分钱。后来有人改口说: Take care of your pennies(=pence)and the pounds (=dollars)will take care of themselves. 说白些,就是: If you save small amount of money, you will eventually have a large sum of money. 就是中国人所谓“积少成多,集腋成裘”。(这句话也可指小事谨慎,大事自成。)
8.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.意思是说:当在罗马时,就照罗马人的(生活)方式去做。所以有人也改口说: When in America, do as the Americans do. 就是“入国问禁,入乡随俗。”
9.What is done cannot be undone.意思是:做过的事,不能再还原。(动词时态:undo, undid, undone)。这与另一句谚语 “Don't cry over spilt milk.”或“It is no use crying over spilt milk.”意义相似。也就是说:What is done is done或What has taken place, nothing can be done about it.(take place=happen)就是“覆水难收”、“往者已矣”。
10.Don't(或Never)cross a bridge till(或until)you come to it. 照字面的意义是:不等到桥边,就不必过桥。也有人说:We have to go across the bridge when we come to it. (it 指桥;bridge也指问题或困难),换句话说:不必为将来顾虑太多“Don't worry too much in advance.”劝人当问题出现时再设法解决不迟。“You have to face the problem or difficulty when the time comes.”这与所谓“船到桥头自然直”,颇有相似之处。
11.All good things must come to an end. 意思是说:一切好事,总会结束的。也就像咱们所谓“天下没有不散的宴席”或“好景无常”。换句话说:人生的道路是崎岖不平的(Life is bumpy.)或(Road bumps in our life.)但也不必悲观,生命也有光明的一面(There is light at the end of the tunnel.)
12.Beauty is but (=only) skin-deep. 意思是:美貌只是一层皮或外表的美是肤浅、短暂的。“Beauty is just as deep as skin.”这与其他两句格言:“Don't judge a book by its cover.”(评价一本书不是只看书的包装)“Appearances are deceiving.”(外表是骗人的)意义相近,所以唯有内在的品格才是永久的重要的,(Personality Counts),不可以貌取人,否则就成为所谓的“绣花枕头”了。
13.What goes around comes around. 意思是:你的所做所为,也会得到报应的。 “What comes out of you will return to you.”这句话有些迷信 (superstition) ,像“十年河东,十年河西,风水轮着转”。不过老外所指的“因果报应”,多半是指“恶报”。 (注意:不是What comes around goes around.)
14.Money talks. 这句话“钱会说话”或“金钱最有发言权”。也有人后面加上一句:It(money)talks all languages.(它会说多种语言),也就是说:money is power. 或是说:Money makes the man. If you have money, even a fool is a master.(金钱改变一个人,假如你有钱,即使是傻瓜,也会变成主人。)这些谚语,与咱们所说的“金钱万能”、“钱可通神”或“有钱能使鬼推磨”的古老观念,意义相近。 (现代许多人倒认为“钱不是一切”)“money is not everything.”
15.Nice guys finish last. 意思是:好人吃亏。(guy=person)这与另一句谚语相似:Nice(honest)people get short end of stick.(get short end of stick=not treated fairly); 也有老外说:(You)never give a sucker an even break.(你从不给老实人公平待遇)(even break=fair dial;sucker是指老实或易受骗的人),就是“好人受欺”。
16. A small spark makes a great fire. 这与另一句警语:“It takes one small spark to start a forest fire.”意义相同。 也就是我们所说的“星星之火,可以燎原”。其实也可以说是:A trifle may, often cause great disaster.(小事也会引起大灾难)。
17. Out of sight, out of mind!意思是:看不见,心就不会想(烦恼)。 也就是咱们所谓“眼不见为净”。也有人说是:“Long absent, soon forgotten”或“Seldom seen, soon forgotten.”“见得少,忘得快”或是“时间会冲淡感情”。说白些,就是:If you don't see it, you just forget about it.
18. Treat others as you want to be treated. 意思是说:你想别人怎样对待你,你就要怎样对待别人。 或者说:Treat others as you want others to treat you,也可以说:Do unto others as you would have others(them)do unto you.(unto 是古体的介系词=to)这与咱们所说的“己所不欲,勿施于人”意思相似。
19. There is no place like home. 意思是:没有一个地方像自己的家那么好。 还有其他说法:East, West, home is best或Home, sweet home!或是No place is as desirable as home. 这就像中国人所说的“金窝银窝,不如自己的狗窝。” (home是指经过装饰过而有人住的温暖的家,而house可能只是空空没人住过的房子)
20. Actions speak louder than words. 照字面意思是:行动比言语更响亮(有效)。 换句话说:采取行动要比高谈阔论好(It is better to take action than just to talk about it.)即“事实胜于雄辩”。
21. The pot calls(或calling)the kettle black. 意思是:锅嫌水壶黑。 此外,还有类似的谚语:All cats are(或look)black(或gray)in the dark.或者We are in the same boat.也就是说:大家彼此彼此(We are all equal或We are in the same situation。就像“五十步笑百步”或“乌鸦笑猪黑”。
22. Champagne tastes on a beer budget. 意思是说:只有喝啤酒的预算,却有喝香槟酒的爱好。 也就是指一些人花钱超出自己的能力。(Some people spend more money than they can afford.)或Some people live beyond their means.这不就是“打肿脸充胖子”吗?
23. It never rains, but it pours. 照字面意思:不是微微细雨,而是大雨倾盆。 也就是说:坏事接二连三的降临 (The bad thing come in succession.) 这与咱们所谓的“祸不单行”或“屋漏偏逢连夜雨,船破又逢对头风”意思相似。
24. One picture is worth a thousand words. 意思是:一张画(或照片)胜过一千字的描写。 如同中国人所说的“百闻不如一见”。(Seeing is better than hearing a hundred times.) (注意:Words are worth a thousands pictures.,又是指一篇文章描写得十分生动)
25. A slip of tongue cannot be recalled.意思是:(不小心)说漏了嘴,是收不回来的。 或者说:One word once let go can not be recalled. 这都是劝人说话要谨慎负责。即“一言既出,驷马难追”。
26. You cannot make filet mignon out of chopped liver. 意思是:你不能从品质差的肉,制造品质高的肉。filet mignon 是法国小牛排,是 high quality of meat ,而 chopped liver 是指品质差的肉,这里的 liver 未必是动物的肝脏,说白些,就是:Something with good quality can not be made with cheap material. 这与咱们所说的“朽木不可雕也”,颇有相似。
27. a chip off (或 of) the old block. 照字面说:木头中的一个碎片。 这与另外两句谚语相似:“Like father, like son.”(相貌性格等酷似父亲的儿子)“As the old cock crows, so crow the young.”(老公鸡在叫,小公鸡也跟着叫)(动词时态:crow, crowed(或crew), crowed)因为孩子多半是模仿父母的(Children generally imitate their parents.)(多半指男性)这就是咱们所谓的“有其父必有其子”。
28. Make hay while the sun shines. 意思是:晒草要趁阳光好。 这与另一句“seize the day”(把握今朝)= carpe diem 是拉丁文,意义相近。就是“行事要趁机会好”(make the most of an opportunity)。
29. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread. 就是所谓“愚者仓促,智者小心”的意思,劝人不可轻举妄动。(Don't jump without thinking.)
30. Judge not lest ye(=you)be judged.这句话是劝人不可批评别人。 (Don't criticize others.)因为你如果批评别人,那么别人也会批评你。(If you criticize others, you'll expect others to criticize you!)
- 上一篇
- 下一篇