反客为主：是时候向面试官提问了

Faced with one pointed question after the next regarding your career, a job interview can quickly take on the feel of an interrogation.

面对着接二连三有关于你个人职业生涯的问题，你会很快就觉得一场面试就像是一场审讯会。

But employers aren't the only ones who get to poke and pry during the sit-down. By asking thought-provoking questions, you can not only collect valuable information but also distinguish yourself from the pack.

但是在这个座谈当中，能问东问西的并非只能是雇主方。通过问一些引发思考的问题，你不仅可以收集有价值的信息，还能让你脱颖而出。

"It means that you're thoughtful about the process and that you're very interested in the position because you took the time to think of questions that would be substantive," says Cheryl Palmer, a career coach and founder of the career coaching firm Call to Career.

“意思是你对整一个过程很有自己的想法，对职位本身很感兴趣。因为你花了时间去想一下实质的问题。” 职业导师Cheryl Palmer如是说。她同时也是Call to Career职业指导公司的创办人。

Here are some questions you can ask and tips for interpreting the responses from your interviewer.

以下给大家提供了一些面试过程中可以问的问题，以及对面试官反馈的解读。

1. How has this position evolved since it was created?

1. 从设立这个职位以来，这个职位发成了怎样的变化？

Getting a brief history on the role should clear up whether the position has expanded over the years or has been a dead end for employees, Palmer says.

Palmer表示，对这个职位的历史有一个简单的了解会让你知道该职位已经存在多年还是一个员工的死胡同。

Interpreting the response: If the interviewer says the position has expanded beyond its original scope (and is continuing to do so), that signifies an opportunity for growth within the company. If the position has stayed static for years, don't expect to blossom there. Depending on your career ambitions, the latter response isn't necessarily bad, Palmer says.

解读面试官的反馈：如果面试官表示这个职位的职能已经超出最原始的范围（并且还在不停扩大），那么这个职位在这家公司就会有非常好的发展机会。如果好几年这个职位停滞不前，那就别指望它能开花结果了。当然Palmer也表示，根据自己的职业期望，后一种情况也并非一定是坏事。

2. What have past employees done to succeed in this position?

2. 过去的员工是如何采取行动在这个职位当中取得成功的？

Knowing how the organization measures achievements will help you understand what the expectations will be and whether you have the skill set to meet them, Palmer says. But don't undermine your past accomplishments just because your route to success doesn't match up with the one embraced by the company. "You also don't want to be too narrowly defined by what other people have done. Because you're a different person, you may approach things a little differently," she says.

Palmer说，知道这家机构如何去衡量成功会帮助你了解公司对你的期望，以及你是否具备必要的技能去满足公司的需求。但是，也不要因为之前取得成功的路径不被现在的雇主看好而否认之前的成绩。她说道，“你也不想很狭隘地根据别人做过的事被评判。因为你是另外一个人，你处理事情也就会和他人有所不同。”

Interpreting the response: You may hear a description that highlights the positive and negative attributes of your predecessor. That could be a good indicator of the company's culture. "Typically, what one person has done to be successful is what the organization tends to do to be successful," Palmer says.

解读面试官的反馈：你听到的回答可能会强调对于该职位上一个员工正面或者负面的描述。这可能是企业文化很好的一个风向标。Palmer说：“个人在哪方面取得成功，那么一家公司往往也在这方面取得成功。”

3. What have you enjoyed most about working here?

3. 在这里工作最开心的是什么？

Your prospective boss can relay what he or she values most and what led to his or her personal success with the organization. Then, Palmer says, you can internally ruminate about whether you share the same values and can envision yourself working there.

你将来的上司会向你传达他最看重的方面，以及在这家公司当中是什么促成了他的个人成功。Palmer说，“以此，你可以从内部思考你是否有相同的价值观，并且想象你如何在这个工作。”

Interpreting the response: Your interviewer may commend the company for everything from benefits to year-end bonuses. On the other hand, "if they're struggling to come up with something positive about why they like working there, chances are good that you're not going to be able to come up with anything positive after having worked there either," Palmer says.

解读面试官的反应：你的面试官可能会从各种福利聊到年终奖。从另外一个方面讲，”如果他们挖空心思和你讲在这里工作好的方面，那么到时候你在这个地方工作了一段时间之后也会想不出这个地方有什么好来。”Palmer说道。

4. What is the top priority for the person in this position over the next three months?

4. 在未来三个月，对这个岗位上的员工来说，什么事最重要的？

This question is helpful so you know what to focus on if you do get the position, Palmer says. Without a clear expectation, she adds, you won't know what to accomplish or how to make the right impression during your first days on the job.

Palmer说：“问这个问题很有用，可以让你知道要是真正开始工作之后，你需要去关注什么。”她补充说道，“没有一个明确的期望，你就无法知道要完成什么工作，以及如何在工作的头几天留下一个恰当合适的印象。”

Interpreting the response: You may be told that you need to complete 15 tasks rather than two or three. "If these are all big initiatives that they want you to handle, probably not that doable," Palmer says.

面试官反应的解读：你有可能听到你要完成不止两个三个的任务，而是15个。Palmer 说，”如果这些任务都是些大条目，那么他们也许并非那么可行。”