英语语法视频教程-反意疑问句

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反意疑问句(附带问句)


附带问句是在叙述句或祈使句后附带的,与在叙述句或祈使句的句意相反的简单疑问句。

1.附带问句跟在叙述句后,若叙述句>为肯定,附带问句用否定形式;若叙述句为否定,附带问句用肯定形式;附带问句与叙述句的动词的时态一致。

You can swim, can’t you?

你会游泳，不是吗？

You did not go there, did you?

你没去那里,是吗?

2.附带问句与叙述句的主语要一致,必须指同一人或事物。

In the United States, bus travel doesn't cost much, does it?

在美国乘巴士旅行不贵,是吗?

3.附带问句的主语必须是人称代名词。

The Taylors live in Chicago, don't they?

泰勒一家住在芝加哥,不是吗?

4.叙述句和附带问句中的助动词通常相同。

He can't swim, can he?

他不会游泳,对吗?

5.叙述句中没有BE,HAVE或其他助动词时,附带问句的主语前要加助动词do, does或did。

But you like swimming, don’t you?

但是你喜欢游泳，不是吗?

You went to Japan last month, didn't you?

上个月你去日本了,不是吗?

6.have,has,had不表"有"时,附带问句的助动词用do,does,did。

You had a letter from Australia, didn't you?

你收到一封澳洲来的信,是吗?

7.have,has,had表示"有"时,附带问句的动词既可用have,has,had(英国用法)也可用do,does,did(美国用法)。

He has some brothers, hasn't he?

He has some brothers, doesn't he?

他有几个兄弟,不是吗?

8.叙述句的动词为have (has, had) to时,附带问句的

助动词用do,does,did。

You have to go now, don't you?

你现在得走了,不是吗?

9.指代人的不定代名词作叙述句的主语时,附带问句通常用they作主语;指代物的不定代名词作叙述句的主语时,附带问句用it作主语。

Nobody came, did they?

没有人来,是吗?

Everything is ready, isn't it?

一切都准备好了,不是吗?

10.叙述句和附带问句中的情态助动词通常相同。

Your younger brother can't swim, can he?

你弟弟不会游泳,对吗?

11.由Let's引出的肯定祈使句,附带问句shall we?;由Let's引出的否定祈使句,附带问句用all right?或O.K.?。由Let us引出的祈使句,附带问句要用,will you?

Let's go swimming, shall we?

我们去游泳，好吗?

Let's go there, shall we?

我们去那里,好吗?

包括听话者,表示建议。

Don't let's go there, all right?

我们别去那里,好吗?

Let us go to the zoo, will you?

让我们去动物园,好吗?

不包括听话者,表示请求。

12.祈使句若表示请求,附带问句用will you?。

Close the door, will you?

把门关上，好吗?

Pass me the book, will you?

递给我那本书,好吗?

13.含有seldom,hardly,little,few,never等表示否定意义的字的句子,附带问句用肯定形式。

It’s never hot like this, is it?

天气从来没有这么热过，是吗？

He never came here, did he?

他从不来这里,是吗?

14.复合句的附带问句,其助动词要与表达主要思想的子句的述语动词一致。

You have told me that you were fond of swimming, weren't you?

你曾告诉我你喜欢游泳，是吗?

Tom told me that you were going to America, weren't you?

汤姆告诉我你要去美国,是吗?

15.叙述句为省略句,没有主语和述语动词时,附带问句要根据实际需要确定主语和助动词。

What beautiful paintings, aren't they?

多美的画,是不是?

How odd, isn't it?

多古怪,不是吗?