2007大学英语四级作文考前预测讲义

2007大学英语四级作文考前预测讲义
四个基本考点
　　1、 切题——所谓切题是指在形式上诸如段落、字数、文体、格式等方面满足题目要求，并在内容上没有偏差。
　　2、 表达清楚、条理清晰——本要求考查学生对文章结构的掌握，要求文章主题观点明确，有头有尾，论证说明安排有主次，有轻重。
　　3、 文字通顺，连贯性较好——本要求考查学生对过渡句和连接词或词组的掌握和运用，要求文章句子内部与句子之间通顺连贯，不突兀。
　4、 基本无语言错误——本要求考查学生语言基本功的掌握，包括语法与拼写两部分。
　　常用连接词
　总结关系过渡词语
　　in general, to some extent, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, in brief, on the whole
　　比较对比关系过渡词语
　　similarly, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless
　列举关系过渡词语
　　as a case in point, such as, first of all, to begin with, furthermore, besides, in addition, for one thing, for another
　　因果关系过渡词语
　　because (of), since, for, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, consequently, for the reason that, therefore, hence
　　让步关系过渡词语
　　although, even though, in spite of, despite
　强调关系过渡词语
　　surely, obviously, particularly, in deed, needless to say, most important of all
　　递进关系
　　in addition, also, moreover, besides，what's more
　　时间顺序
　　immediately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily, while
　　方式手段
　　as, as if, the way，by
　　目的关系
　　so that, lest，in order that
　　检查集中点
　　1. 每个句子是否都有谓语动词；
　　2. 动词的时态和语态；
　　3. 主谓搭配是否恰当；
　　4. 标点符号。        
英文四大句型
　　一． S+V+O
　　S-----主语从句，what/whether/how
　　不定式（逻辑主语）
　　动名词（逻辑主语）
　　名词+定语从句/介宾短语
　　V------几个谓语动词平行
　　O-----how/what宾语从句
　　倒装加大难度
　　Among top students are you
　　Among the top students, you are the best
　　主谓宾从句也可倒装-----宾语从句可倒装在前面
　　如果怎么也读不懂，有可能主谓宾有倒装了
　　宾语后置------set something in motion
　　二． ，S+V+O
　　作状语4种形式
　　1． When, since, because, if, though, before引导状语从句
　　Though (you are ) young, you can understand it.
　　没有主句就没有从句的生命力
　　状语从句的省略原则：状语从句与主句主语是一致的，并且状语从句包括谓语动词be(am, is, are或其他时态形式)
　　We, because we are late, are punished.
　　2. To do 不定式放在句首
　　For me to learn English well, my mother went to the lecture. ----加for sb.逻辑主语构成复合结构
　　3．Doing/done, S+V+O doing---主语发出动作；done----主语承受动作
　　Singing and dancing, the children went back home
　　Judged guilty, Tyson was sentenced to prison several years ago.
　　Doing/done同主句的谓语动作发生动作如果有一段距离，用Having done/Having been done
　　Having done = doing的完成形式
　　Having been done = done的完成形式
　　4. 介宾短语-----有时移到主谓之间
　　In Wuhan, we met with each other. 
三．S， ，+V+O
　　空格处5种形式, 后四种是第一种的省略形式
　　1． Whose, who, when, which, in which引导的定语从句----没有that引导从句
　　Tom, (who is) my neighbor
　　2. 冠词/形容词性物主代词+名词构成同位语
　　Dalian, (which is) my hometown, is very beautiful.
　　3. Done/doing
　　4. 形容词
　　Panda, (which is) native to China
　　5. the first+名词+to do
　　Panduo, (who is )the first lady to get to the top of Himalaya, is a Tibetan.
　  其中2.3.4种经常提到句子前面，不加逗号
　　四． S+V+O，
　　空格处有三种形式
　　1． When, if, since, though, which, who, whose, where, in which等引导的状语从句或定语从句
　　2． 冠词/形容词性物主代词+名词
　　We live in Dalian, a beautiful city.
　　3. doing/done 作状语
　　当把四个句型拼合起来后，你一个句子就是一段。
　　多样化句型
　　1) 定语从句 (限定性和非限定性)
　　There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.
　　It is estimated that tens of billions of yuan is spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste.
　　2) 状语从句 (时间，原因，地点，条件，让步等)
　　When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster (怪物) which will devour him.
　　Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers.
　　3) 分词短语做定语或状语
　　Mr. Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to prepare for the CET Band-4.
　　4) 强调句
　　It was him who gave up much hope for the future.
　　5) 倒装句

　　Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.

　　6) 省略句

　　If so, we have to give it up.

　　If necessary...

　　Whatever the reason...

　　7) What句型

　　We totally agree with what you have just said.

　　8) 设问句

　　Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?
作文十大理由

　　一． 方便------发明，计算机，网络，快餐，新科技

　　Convenience, convenient

　　Bring us much convenience

　　二． 效率-------相对时间内量最大

　　efficient, efficiency

　　save/waste time in cooking

　　三． 节省和浪费-----针对大学生生活习惯

　　diligent, economical, thrifty, save space

　　metro/subway/tube, costly, time-consuming

　　lavish

　　四． 心理精神健康------体育运动，习惯，室内/室外运动

　　independence, dependant

　　I am still dependant on my parents

　　Cooperation, team spirit, compete

　　Creation, creative, tolerance, tolerant

　　Physical, mental, healthy, mentally unhealthy

　　Psychological

　　Sociable, popular, party animal

　　Selfish, selfishness, conservative, isolated, improve, enrich