历年GRE考试真题答案及解析(六)

13. ABRIDGEMENT: LENGTH::
(A) discount: price
删节：长度 (缩减关系)
折扣：价格
[词义]
abridgment n. 删节; 节本
1 : the action of abridging  : the state of being abridged
2 : a shortened form of a work retaining the general sense and unity of the original

14. COMPLACENT: ANXIETY::
(A) truculent: gentleness
自满的：焦虑;渴望 (缺乏关系; 形容词与名词反义关系)
野蛮的;好战的：温顺;亲切
[词义]
complacent adj. 自满的, 得意的
1 : marked by complacency : SELF-SATISFIED  *a complacent smile*
2 : COMPLAISANT 1
3 : UNCONCERNED
truculent adj. 残暴的, 凶狠的
1 : feeling or displaying ferocity  : CRUEL, SAVAGE
2 : DEADLY, DESTRUCTIVE
3 : scathingly harsh  : VITRIOLIC  *truculent criticism*
4 : aggressively self-assertive  : BELLIGERENT

15. USURPER: AUTHORITY::
(A) impostor: identity
(B) barbarian: property
篡位者：权力;权威 (人物及其占用对象)
冒名顶替者：身份;特征
野蛮人：财产;属性
[词义]
usurp v. 篡夺, 霸占
transitive verb  
1 a : to seize and hold (as office, place, or powers) in possession by force or without right  *usurp a throne*  b : to take or make use of without right  *usurped the rights to her life story*
2 : to take the place of by or as if by force  : SUPPLANT  *must not let stock responses based on inherited prejudice usurp careful judgment*
intransitive verb   : to seize or exercise authority or possession wrongfully
  –usurper  noun
imposter n. 冒名顶替者
1 : one that assumes false identity or title for the purpose of deception
2 : to deceive with soothing words or false promises
[分析]
usurper和imposter都是采取非法手段霸占别人的合法物品。从下面的真题里也可以看到这两个词的GRE特征。
EMBEZZLE: FUNDS=usurp: power
IMPOSTER: IDENTITY=usurper: authorization
USURP: TAKE=trespass: enter

16. NICETY: DISTINCTION::
(A) intimation: communication
(B) spoof: parody
细节;准确：区别;特性 (类属关系; 特殊与一般)
暗示;公开宣布：传达;信息;交通
哄骗：拙劣模仿
[词义]
nicety n. 准确, 精确
1 : the quality or state of being nice
2 : an elegant, delicate, or civilized feature  *enjoy the niceties of life*
3 : a fine point or distinction  : SUBTLETY  *the niceties of table manners*
4 : careful attention to details  : delicate exactness  : PRECISION
5 : delicacy of taste or feeling  : FASTIDIOUSNESS
distinction n. 区别, 差别; 知名
1 a archaic   : DIVISION  b : CLASS 4
2 : the distinguishing of a difference  *without distinction as to race, sex, or religion*;  also   : the difference distinguished  *the distinction between imply and infer*
3 : something that distinguishes  *regional distinctions*
4 : the quality or state of being distinguishable  *no distinction of facial features in the twins*
5 a : the quality or state of being distinguished or worthy  *a politician of some distinction*  b : special honor or recognition  *took a law degree with distinction*  *won many distinctions*  c : an accomplishment that sets one apart  *the distinction of being the oldest to win the title*
intimate v. 公开宣布; 暗示; adj. 亲密的; n. 密友
v.
1 : to make known especially publicly or formally  : ANNOUNCE
2 : to communicate delicately and indirectly  : HINT
synonyms see SUGGEST
a.
1 a : INTRINSIC, ESSENTIAL  b : belonging to or characterizing one's deepest nature
2 : marked by very close association, contact, or familiarity  *intimate knowledge of the law*
3 a : marked by a warm friendship developing through long association  *intimate friends*  b : suggesting informal warmth or privacy  *intimate clubs*
4 : of a very personal or private nature  *intimate secrets*
n. : an intimate friend or confidant
[分析]
nicety是一种更加精确、细微的特征。