2009年下半年雅思考试听力选择题答题技巧

例6: Cambridge 4 Test 3 Section 3 Question 27
　　Students who want to do the “study for Success” seminar should
　　A.register with the Faculty Office.
　　B.contact their Course Convenor.
　　C.reserve a place in advance.
　　读题：本题与例3来自同一Section, 因此必须首先明确一点：在同一Section中同一名词关键词只在第一次出现时有效，因为同一名词在一次对白或独白中不会重复不断出现。因此问题中关键词应该是student …want …seminar should, 属于内容定位。
　　选项中的关键词，AB中都有名词主体，分别是Faculty Office和Course Convenor, 也都有动词来进行限定，分别是register和contact, 可以作为判断依据. 而C选项中只需要划在reserve上即可，因在雅思中出现reserve/book(预订)必同时出现in advance/ahead of time(提前)的概念，所以划一个就够了。
　　录音：Now, I need to tell you that this is a very popular course and it’s essential that you book well ahead of time. In fact, the Course Convenor tells me that there are only five places left.
　　解析：通过I need to tell you that这样一个强调句型来定位题目中的students should.
　　随后，通过对book well ahead of time的同意转换(reserve in advance)，选出C。后面，出现干扰内容：the Course Convenor tells only five places left, 视线移到B, 但根据B里的动词contact, 可判断B内容与录音不符(录音说Course Convenor告诉说话者只有5个位置留下来，其实还是要提前预订的意思，而B说的是让学生自己去联系Course Convenor)，所以B是干扰项。
　　因此，选项中关键词划取的快速原则是：名词-形容词/副词-动词。
　　至此，很明晰的一点是：对于雅思听力，读题，或者更正确的说是有针对性的读题，非常的重要!所有的努力，所有的准备工作，都是为了在听题时能更有效的进行同意转换，找到正确答案。
　　如果说听题是战场杀敌，读题就是战前侦查，侦查到位，知己知彼，侦查不到位，死都不知道怎么死的。
　　读题做到位了，听题也就自然而然了。步骤如下：
　　1.Locating: locate where the question is.
　　2.Judging: judge whether every choice is right or wrong.
　　简单的说就是：定位-判断，两步走。
　　同时，在判断当中一定要牢记前面说过的两个特点：Indirect answer和Trap.
　　(推荐剑桥练习：剑三P12, 剑四P36, 剑五P33, 81, 83, 剑六P38, 61, 82)
　　3.选择题型中的预测
　　Prediction(预测)是听力两个基本解题方法中的一个(另一个就是关键词)，主要运用于填空题型，但在选择题型中偶尔可以运用。
　　填空题型的预测主要在于观察选项组合，有一种组合是非常容易预测的，即干扰性组合：三个选项中有两个有明显的互相干扰作用，则另一个选项可以暂时排除。
　　例7: Cambridge 5 Test 3 Section 2 Question 20
　　With regard to their English, the speaker advises that students to
　　A.tell their lecturers if they have problems understanding.
　　B.have private English lessons when they arrive.
　　C.practice their spoken English before they arrive.
　　预测：BC选项存在明显互相干扰作用，一个是到英国后加强英语，一个是来英国前加强英语;关键词分别划在when和before, 来进行区分，同时可以先排除A。
　　录音：One or two of you ask earlier about your level of spoken English, obviously most of you have already achieved a lot, I wish I could speak your language half as well. Having said that though, I’m afraid the lecturers will make little or no allowance for the presence of non-native speakers in the audience, so anything you can do to improve your spoken English, even beyond the pretty high level most of you have already reached will make your stay with us that bit more fun for you. Some extra practice before you arrive is worth more than, for example, private lessons afterwards when you won’t really have time.
　　解析：通过最后一句Some extra practice before you arrive is worth more than, for example, private lessons afterwards… 可判断正确答案为C, 录音通篇未提A, 这是因为这样的选项组合，出题意图就在于用BC来进行干扰，如果答案用A则不能利用到BC的干扰作用，无法达到出题目的。
　　(推荐练习：剑五P58 Q19, 剑六P82 P28-30)
　　例2: Cambridge 5 Test 2 Section 2 Question 18-20
　　Which THREE things can the general public do to help the charity Pedal Power?
　　A.organize a bicycle collection
　　B.repair the donated bikes
　　C.donate their unwanted tools
　　D.do voluntary work in its office
　　E.hold an event to raise money
　　F.identify areas that need bikes
　　G.write to the government
　　录音：Also, you could help by contacting the voluntary staff at our offices. They’ll be able to suggest activities you could organize to bring in funds for us.
　　解析：这个多选题的D选项是一个极其容易错选的干扰项，选项与录音中都有voluntary, 但意思并不一致，选项讲的是做志愿者工作，录音讲的是联系机构中的志愿者。相反，E选项虽然没有一样的文字，但意思完全对应，选项中的event和money分别就是录音里的activities和funds, 所以是正确选项。
　　因此得出一个结论：雅思听力中的正确选项往往不像，干扰项往往很像;
　　提出一点建议：Do not judge a choice by its look.
　　和分享一个体会：雅思听力的出题思路生动的再现了经典的英国国民性格即：含蓄或拐弯抹角。
　　必须特别注意的是，绝大部分选择题在解题过程中都要做到的必不可少的一步是：Paraphrase(同意转换);如all-a range of, fitness levels-walking abilities, activities-event, funds-money…。
　　这是由于听力的根本考点是Listening Comprehension, 于是也就有了选择题型Indirect Information和Trap的特点，最后也就决定了要做好选择题型一定要做好Paraphrase; 听力中Paraphrase做的好不好，直接决定了一次考试的成败。