浅析雅思议论文的论证方法（上篇）

因果论证是考生普遍反映比较容易上手且使用范围广泛的论证方法。它的正确使用能够大幅提高论述的逻辑性与连贯度，体现考生的缜密思维。

1. 常见表达方式

① 关联词

优势：关联词能够较为方便的引出结果，因为这种方法引出的多是独立的句子表达，语法上的束缚少一些。

关联词：therefore, hence, thus, as a result, consequently, interestingly, fortunately, unfortunately, surprisingly, unsurprisingly.

② 句型

优势：句型引出原因或结果，能够保证表达的书面度与学术性。但是在使用时，考生需要特别注意语法正确。

句型： Due to/ owing to/ because of /thanks to…, …

As /since/because…, …

The reason why … is that …

… be related/linked to …

… be associated/connected with …

… contribute to/ give rise to …

2. 使用注意事项

① 主观与客观相结合

在分析原因时，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生不仅要关注客观原因，比如经济不景气，工作经验少等人或事本身具有的属性或特点，还应当考虑从主观方面着手，比如有的大学毕业生眼高手低好高骛远，大众想要有更舒适的生活等人的意识或精神。

② 积极与消极相结合

在引出结果时，考生不仅需要关注原因引发的积极结果，有时也可以根据自己的需要论述它所引发的消极结果。特别是在应对讨论式的观点题时，这种思想体现的最为明显。

3. 范例评析

剑桥雅思考试全真试题6 Test 2 考官范文选段

Those who feel that sports star’s salaries are justified might argue that the number of professionals with real talent is very few, and the money is recognition of the skills and dedication a person needs to be successful. Competition is constant and a player is tested every time they perform in their relatively short career. The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight. So all of these factors may justify the huge earnings.

点评：考官从体育奇才数量少“The number of professionals with real talent is very few”, 竞争强度大“Competition is constant”, 训练时间长“A player is tested every time”, 体育生涯短“relatively short career”, 媒体关注度高、压力大“the pressure from the media”, 隐私基本得不到保护“little privacy out of the spotlight”多方面论证“体育明星的高收入是合理的”。正所谓，分析原因层层深入，得出结论水到渠成。