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雅思写作中要避免性别歧视

2015-02-11来源:互联网

  随便翻开一张英美的报纸,或瞧一下五花八门的宣传广告,就会发现supervisor(工头,领班)替代了原来的foreman, workman‘scompensation(工人赔偿金)变成了worker‘s compensation; sales rep, salesassociate或seller(推销员)取代了常用词salesman等。为此,笔者将有关资料整理如下,供英语学习者参考。请注意,所选用的例句,除个别注明外,均选自RosalieMaggio编写的The Nonselist Word Finder: A Dictionary of Gender-Free Usage (Maggio,1989)。

  1.尽量不用通性代词he,除了明确地指代一个男性人物时,都要设法避免使用之。可以根据语境需要,选用下列替换方式:

  采用复数形式:

  Sexist: When bathing a baby, never leave him unattended.

  Revised: When bathing babies, never leave them unattended.

  给婴儿洗澡时,一定不能让他们无人照料。

  2) 用we/us/our改写原句:

  Sexist:From each according to his abilities, to each according to hisneeds.

  Revised:From each of us according to our abilities, to each of us accordingto our needs.