雅思小作文里的大智慧：活用简单词拿高分

　　其实人们对于“妖怪”形象的认识与我们对于“雅思图表小作文”的正确认识有着异曲同工之处。日本的妖怪文化经历了从夸张(即极善极恶)到朴实(即 善恶并存)的一种趋向和谐的发展，妖怪被赋予了自然的灵性，从而演变为了一种无法替代的文化;而我们的小作文同样要做到表达的和谐才会使我们在学习中一点一滴的积累，变成考官眼中那一个个生灵活现的“小妖怪”。

　　现在，雅思考试中的小作文的素材也是越发“朴实”了，我们可能觉得题目中不像之前会有一些自己不认得的生僻单词;那么对于词汇的要求是不是降低了?答案当时是“No”.而是我们的词汇需要“灵性”了。

　　我们一起来看看评分标准中9分档对于词汇的要求——use a wide range of vocabulary with very natural and sophisticated control of lexical features; rare minor errors occur only as “slips”. “natural and sophisticated control of lexical resources of lexical features”即“自然使用并且掌握词汇特征”，词汇的高分不是来源于“又难又专的高大上”而是 “妖怪一般的灵性”。这也就是为什么有的时候你的全文用了7，8种变化多端的“占据”相关表达、或者用了更多的“上升、下降”但是分数却不见本质性改变的根本原因。下面让我们通过剑桥雅思7 Test4的一篇考官范文来发现其中的奥秘吧。

　　The charts compare the sources of electricity in Australia and France in the years 1980 and 2000. Between these years electricity production almost doubled, rising from 100 units to 170 in Australia, and from 90 to 180 units in France.

　　妖怪1：double，triple这一类型的词汇体现出了更为形象的数值本身的变化，比单纯的“上升、下降更为准确”，同时又比“上升，下降+数值”更加简洁。准确而且简洁的表达完全可以称的上是 “natural and sophisticated control of lexical resources of lexical features”的境界

　　In 1980 Australia used coal as the main electricity source (50 units) and the remainder was produced from natural gas, hydro power (each producing 20 units) and oil (which produced only 10 units). By 2000, coal had become the fuel for more than 75% of electricity produced and only hydro continued to be another significant source supplying approximately 20%.

　　妖怪2： produce， supply这些简单的动词是与“能量”对应数值最恰当的搭配方式，并不是我们经常记忆的那些“占据”，因此小作文中我们将常会遇到考察的描述对象可能是“能量”或者“食品的销量”，与这些最合适的搭配应该是这些“灵气满满”的动词 produce，supply或者是 buy,sell,consume

　　In contrast, France used coal as a source for only 25 units of electricity in 1980, which was matched by natural gas. The remaining 40 units were produced largely from oil and nuclear power, with hydro contributing only 5 units. But by 2000 nuclear power, which was not used at all Australia, had developed into the main source, producing almost 75% of electricity, at 126 units, while coal and oil together produced only 50 units. Other sources were no longer significant.

　　妖怪3：A be matched by B 即A=B

　　妖怪4： contribute=produce

　　妖怪5：develop ，某一个描述对象所对应的数值变得更主导了，我们可以用develop 写出这里所呈现的正向发展

　　Overall, it is clear that by 2000 these two countries relied on different principal fuel sources: Australia relied on coal and France on nuclear power.

　　妖怪6：rely on，depend on 表达的是“使用量大”的终极总结。

　　这些词汇其实大家在接触，account for，constitute，之前早已掌握，只是还没有发现他们在小作文中的天然用途吧，从今天起，这些词汇也出现在你的文章中把，让考官惊叹一下，原来我们的文章中也会出现这些灵动的词汇小妖怪!