全球大学新排名 中国大学名次上升

Harvard retains the crown as top university for the eighth year in an annual ranking of the world's universities which is dominated by the United States but shows China's performance improving.

The 2010 Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), published since 2003 by the Center for World-Class Universities of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, said the United States dominates the list with eight in the top 10 and 54 in the top 100.

Joining Harvard in the top 10 were the University of California, Berkeley; Stanford; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology; Princeton; Columbia and Chicago. Yale came 11th.

The best ranked British universities were Cambridge, slipping to fifth place from fourth last year, and Oxford retaining the 10th position. Overall the number of British universities in the top 500 rankings dropped to 38 from 40.

But the ranking, initially set up to find the global standing of Chinese universities, showed Asian universities were advancing up the list with 106 from the Asia Pacific region making the top 500 and Chinese universities performing better.

"While the ranking methodology has been kept the same, the number of top 500 Chinese universities reaches 34 in 2010, which is more than double that in 2004 (16)," Shanghai Jiao Tong University said in a statement.

Chinese universities in the top 200 included Peking; Tsinghua and Chinese University of Hong Kong.

The ARWU uses six indicators to rank universities globally including the number of alumni and staff with Nobel prizes, the number of highly cited researchers, the number of articles published and cited in top journals and the per capita performance with respect to size of the institution.

一项世界大学年度排名日前出炉，哈佛大学连续第八年高居排行之首。在今年的榜单上，美国大学占据多数，但中国大学的排名也有所上升。

在这份由上海交通大学“世界一流大学研究中心”发布的2010年《世界大学学术排名》（ARWU）中，美国有八所大学跻身前十名，有54所大学进入前100强，在排行榜上占据绝对优势。这一年度排名于2003年首次发布。

除哈佛大学外，跻身前十名的美国大学还包括：加州大学伯克利分校、斯坦福大学、麻省理工大学、加州理工学院、普林斯顿大学、哥伦比亚大学和芝加哥大学。耶鲁大学名列第十一位。

排名最靠前的英国大学是剑桥大学，从去年的第四名下滑至第五名，牛津大学仍位居第十。总体来看，排在前500名的英国大学数量从40所降到了38所。

但从今年的排名可以看出，亚洲大学的排名有所上升，亚太地区共有106所学校进入前500强，中国大学的排名也有所提升。交大编撰这一排行榜的初衷是为了了解中国大学的全球排名。

上海交通大学在一份声明中说：“在排名方法不变的情况下，今年进入全球500强的中国大学有34所，比2004年（16所）增加了一倍多。”

跻身200强的中国大学包括北京大学、清华大学和香港中文大学。

《世界大学学术排名》根据六项指标对全球的大学进行排名，其中包括获得诺贝尔奖的校友和教师数量、在各学科领域被经常引用的科研人员的数量、在顶级期刊发表和被引用的论文数，以及师均学术表现等。

Vocabulary:

methodology: a set of methods and principles used to perform a particular activity（从事某一活动的）方法，原则

alumni: the former male and female students of a school, college or university（统称）校友，毕业生

per capita: for each person（每人的；人均的）