21世纪的能源外交简报

Fact Sheet on Energy Diplomacy in 21st Century
21世纪的能源外交简报

U.S. Department of State, Washington, DC
美国国务院，华盛顿哥伦比亚特区

October 30, 2013
2013年10月30日

Energy is at the nexus of national security, economic prosperity and the environment. The Department of State’s work in national security, bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, commercial advocacy and development are widely affected by energy concerns. The Bureau of Energy Resources integrates energy security interests into foreign policy decision making, putting energy diplomacy at the forefront of U.S. foreign policy along three pillars.
能源与国家安全、经济繁荣和环境密切相关。国务院在国家安全、双边和多边外交、商业倡导和发展方面的工作都受到能源因素的广泛影响。能源资源局将能源安全利益纳入外交政策决策过程，从三个方面将能源外交置于美国外交政策的前沿。

Energy Diplomace
能源外交

To identify opportunities for geostrategic cooperation through energy in interdependent markets, we:
为了确定在互相依赖的市场上展开能源地缘战略合作的机会，我们：

Forge strong diplomatic relationships with major consumers and suppliers, anticipate the impacts of changing energy markets and leverage our role in energy-related international organizations as we recognize that energy disruptions anywhere can threaten economic growth everywhere.
建立与主要消费者和供应商的牢固的外交关系，预先考虑到变化的能源市场造成的影响，发挥我国在与能源相关的国际组织中的杠杆作用，因为我们认识到，任何地方的能源供应中断都会威胁到所有地方的经济增长。

Promote a stable and secure global energy economy by engaging foreign governments and the private sector to maintain the security of supply and pursue alternative energy options and diversification of energy types. Our efforts include effectively implementing sanctions as diplomatic tool.
推动稳定和安全的全球能源经济，与外国政府和民营部门合作，维护供应的安全，并寻求替代能源方案和能源类型的多样化。我们的努力包括有效地实施作为外交手段的制裁。

Respond to major changes in natural gas markets as they impact current and future energy choices.
对天然气市场的重大变动作出回应，因为这些变动影响到当前和未来的能源选择。

Energy World of the Future
未来的能源世界

To stimulate the market forces that will sustain Energy Transformation in alternative energy, electricity development, and reconstruction, we: Foster the development of regional electricity grids and regulatory harmonization to create larger markets, enhance reliability and energy efficiency and facilitate integration and trade from clean energy sources and technologies. Encourage the establishment of financially viable electric power systems that can attract the huge private investment ($17 trillion by 2035) needed to meet growing electricity demands, especially in developing regions. Advance U.S. business partnerships for adoption and commercialization of efficient and innovative energy technologies for sustainable development.
为了激励将在替代能源、电力开发和重建领域维持能源转型的市场力量，我们：促进区域电网的发展和监管协调以创造更大的市场、提高可靠性和能源效率，并促进清洁能源和技术的整合及交易。鼓励建立财政可行的电力系统，吸引大量所需的民间投资（到2035年时达到17万亿美元）满足日益增长的电力需求，尤其在发展中地区。推动美国商业伙伴关系，为促进可持续发展采用高效及创新能源技术并实现商业化。

Energy Governance and Access
能源管理和获得渠道

To counter poverty and development issues due to lack of access to energy, poor resource management or both, we: Encourage responsible resource management by promoting global transparency standards, developing countries’ technical capacity and supporting accountable legal and regulatory regimes and sound financial management in line with international standards. Expand energy access through economic statecraft and partnerships with development agencies to help encourage creation of commercially viable models backed by private investment.
为解决因缺乏获得能源的渠道、不良资源管理或两者共同造成的贫困及发展问题，我们：鼓励负责任的资源管理，要求推动全球透明度标准，发展各国的技术能力并支持法律和监管问责体系及符合国际标准的健全的财务管理。通过经济治国方略和与发展事务机构结成伙伴关系，鼓励建立得到民间投资支持的可行商业模式，拓宽获得能源的渠道。

Energy Diplomacy in Action
能源外交实践

Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL): The U.S. is a key participant in the UN Secretary-General’s SE4ALL initiative, aimed at providing universal access to modern energy services by2030, while doubling the global rate of energy efficiency and the share of renewable energy.
“人人享有可持续能源” 倡议：美国是联合国秘书长“人人享有可持续能源”倡议的关键参与方。该倡议要求到2030年普及现代能源服务，同时使全球能效和可再生能源的所占份额翻番。

U.S.-Asia-Pacific Comprehensive Energy Partnership: President Obama, along with the Chair of APEC and Chair of ASEAN, built this partnership to bring significant progress in addressing the needs of the estimated 387 million people in Asia without access to electricity.
“美国—亚太全面能源伙伴关系”：欧巴马总统与亚太经合组织主席及东南亚国家联盟主席共同建立了这一伙伴关系，以期为满足亚洲没有得到电力供应的约3.87亿人的需求取得重大进展。

Connecting the Americas 2022: An initiative to enhance electrical interconnections across the Western Hemisphere to achieve universal access in the next decade for 31 million people without electricity.
美洲互联2022：此项倡议旨在增强整个西半球的电力互联，在今后十年为没有电的3,100万人普及电力供应。

Power Africa: A public-private initiative to double access to power in sub-Saharan Africa, helping countries meet critical energy needs and achieve greater energy security, develop newly-discovered resources responsibly to maximize the benefits to their citizens, make needed energy sector reforms and expand power generation and transmission capacity.
电力非洲：这项政府—民间合作倡议旨在使非洲撒哈拉以南地区的电力供应翻番，帮助有关国家满足关键的能源需求并实现更高水平的能源保障，负责任地开发新发现的资源以最大化地惠及其公民，进行必要的能源部门改革并扩大发电和输电能力。

Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI): The initiative promotes transparency and accountability in natural resource management for citizens. The process is managed in-country by a multi-stakeholder group of government, civil society and company representatives.
《采矿业透明度行动计划》：此项计划为公民推动自然资源管理的透明度和问责制。此进程由政府、公民社会和公司代表组成的多利益相关方团体在各国国内负责管理。