2015年5月CATTI三级笔译英译汉实务参考译文及解析

For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”
犹他州东部的这个地带矿产资源丰富，几代人以来，煤炭一直是其经济命脉。谈及地下采煤的往事，矿工家庭都会倍感自豪。煤炭供应公司在城镇街道两旁鳞次栉比。通向矿场的蜿蜒的道路上，可以看到画着矿工形象的广告牌，他满身煤污，凝视远方，旁边写着“煤炭=工作”的标语。
【注释1】Toil 长时间或辛苦工作
Students toiling over their homework
辛辛苦苦做功课的学生
We toiled away all afternoon to get the house ready for our guests.
我们忙了一下午收拾房子准备迎接宾客.

【注释2】Smudge / smʌdʒ; smʌdʒ/ 污点, 污迹（常因磨擦造成的）

You’vegot a smudge of soot on your cheek.
你脸上有块煤灰污迹.
Wash your hands or you’ll make smudges on the writing paper.
把手洗干净, 别把写字的纸弄脏了.

But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.
但是最近，人们开始担忧起来。小镇附近的峡谷间有全州最早的火电厂，如今它正面临关停厄运，因为联邦政府新颁布了更严格的污染治理法规。
As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.
随着能源公司纷纷放弃煤炭，转而选择更加清洁廉价的天然气，人们日渐担心这种改变也会一并带走他们的家园。当地卡本发电厂的很多工人已经意识到，他们将不得不提早退休或另寻出路。
【注释3】Afraid 不只是害怕，还有担心

I was afraid that nobody would believe me.
我担心没有人会相信我的话。

【注释4】Tack
To change the direction or course of a vessel:
抢风调向：改变一艘船的方向或航线：
ready to tack on the captain’s signal.
准备一等船长发出信号就换抢风向

【注释5】Dozens 不确定的大数量的：
dozens of errands to run.
许多要跑腿的差事
She’s got dozens of boy-friends.
她的男朋友多极了.

“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.
凯尔•戴维斯（Kyle Davis）从18岁就在这家电厂上班，他说：“许多人都在担忧。”
But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.
洛基山能源是经营这家日渐衰落的工厂的公用事业公司，他们已经查明/确认/断定，如果为了达到汞排放联邦标准而增加新设备，那成本将会太高。该工厂计划于2015年4月关闭。
【注释6】Determine：查明 To determine a fact means to discover it as a result of investigation.

Experts say testing needs to be done on each contaminant to determine the long-term effects on humans.
专家说需要对每种污染物进行测试，以查明对人类的长期影响。
The police determined that no crime had been committed in the street.
警察确定，街上没有发生犯罪行为。

For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.
近年来，由于环保法规更加严格，电力需求日趋减少，再加上公用事业公司对天然气的推广，火电厂在全国范围内都正相继关停。
【注释7 】Utility：公用事业公司

The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.
据环保局预计估算，如果推行更严格的工厂排放规定，可以节约高达几十亿美元的相关健康储蓄经费，而且对空气质量也会产生深远影响。
“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.
“在美国，火电厂是有害碳污染的最大单一来源，但我们已经有风能、太阳能等替代能源取代，”塞拉俱乐部的无煤运动负责人布鲁斯•尼尔斯说 。该项运动旨在关停国内所有的燃煤电厂。
For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.
对这里的许多人来说，煤矿工作是他们所知的全部。艰难时期，也是煤矿产业将这片区域凝聚起来，特别是 2007 年发生的一起煤矿事故中， 9名矿工在公路地面下近35米处遇难的黑暗日子里。实际上，普赖斯镇周边的人都几乎认识这几位遇难者，其中六位仍葬身于长眠矿山之下。
【注释8】地名英译、人名英译

除另有特别规定外，对于原文中的地名一般都是要求翻译的，翻译时可以借助外文词典、地名词典或其他工具。在考试中，考生应该力争将地名按照通用的习惯说法准确地翻译出来，尤其是一些著名的大城市，几个主要大国的州（省）一级名称。小地名字典上查不到，当然可以自译，这时如果在地名译文首次出现时将原文加括号附在词后，不失为一种聪明的处理方法。考虑到这是限时的考试，阅卷时，各阅卷组也会对这些小地名的扣分作统一规定。

除另有特别规定外，对于原文中的人名一般都是要求翻译的，翻译时可以借助外文词典、人名词典或其他工具。在考试中，考生应该力争将人名准确地翻译出来，尤其是一些国际上较为著名的人物，例如联合国秘书长、几个主要大国的国家元首或政府首脑，历史上有名的大科学家、大文学家等。对于一些一般人不太熟悉的人名，即使翻译得不太准确，考虑到这是限时的考试，阅卷老师一般是可以通融的（各阅卷组会作统一规定）。有的考生在译文中将外国人名直接上原文，这是不符合要求的（除非有特殊规定），阅卷老师会相应地扣分。

But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon.
然而，人们一致默认的是，卡本县将不得不面临做出改变——如果不是现在，也会是不久的将来。

Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.
皮特•帕拉西奥斯（Pete Palacios）在煤矿工作已有43个年头了，在这里他在这里见证了煤炭行业的兴衰起落。如今86岁的他，回想起自己第一份采矿工作时热泪盈眶。那时他才12岁，每天挣1美元。“我现在退休了倒是没问题。但是那些年轻矿工呢？” 说这番话时，他的声音越来越低沉。
【注释9】
Trail：拉长声音讲话
Trail off: 减弱，变小

【全篇解析】：参考译文综合网络各版本，仅供参考。本篇原文理解并不困难，困难仍然是在表达方面，特别是长句拆分重组。生词其实也不少，放在三级笔译中还有时间查词典，如果是二级笔译，很可能会做不完。