2017考研：英语长难句精析（一）

对于2017考研学子来说，现阶段考研英语的主要复习任务是攻克词汇和语法长难句，在此为各位考生归纳总结了长难句学习的要点，希望能对大家有所帮助。

1、While warnings are often appropriate and necessary — the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.

[译文] 尽管警告常常是适当而且必须的——比如对于药物相互作用的危险提出警告— 许多警告还是按州或联邦政府规定要求给出的，然而（我们）并不清楚，如果顾客受到害时，这些警告是不是确实可以使得生产者和销售者豁免责任。

[分析] 在这个主从复合句中，it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured 是主句。主句用了一个形式主语 it，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句，而 that 从句之后是一个 if 引导的条件从句。从句由两个部分组成，中间用 and 连接。破折号之间的部分是举例说明 warnings的内容。注意：many are required by state or federal regulations 中的 many 是指 manywarnings。

2、Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements — themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.

[译文] 由于人口猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易) 所引起的各种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。

[分析] 句子主干结构是 Additional social stresses may also occur because of...简单句+because of 表示的原因状语， 整句翻译应该根据先原因后结果的原则， 将主句放在最后；becauseof 后面有两个宾语 the population explosion or problems；名词 problems 带有现在分词短语作后置定语arising from mass migration movements；themselves 指前面的名词短语 massmigration movements，后面的过去分词短语是 themselves 的定语。

3、There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the news room seem alien to many readers.

[译文] 新闻记者和读者之间存在着社会和文化方面的脱节，这就是为什么新闻编辑室的“标准模式”似乎与许多读者的意趣相差甚远。

[分析] 主句也是一个there 加系动词的用法。而表语后都有一个定语从句。本句的定语从句是 which helps explain why the “standard templates” of thenewsroom seem alien to many readers 。Alien 本义为异国的，此处是相差甚远，背道而驰。如果考生不了解 standard templates 的意思，可以从上下文中找其相同作用和功能的词组，如上句中的 a story line 和 backbone，那么就应该知道它们指的都是记者们在写新闻和评论时固定的套路和思维。

4、This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.

[译文] 这种现象引起了人们对小型经济实体、民族商人的作用以及世界经济的最终稳定性的极大关注。

[分析] 全句的主干是 This phenomenon has created serious concerns。人们的担忧实际包含两个方面(即句子的两个状语)： 一个是 the role (of smaller economic firms， of national businessmen) ， 另一个是 the ultimate stability (of the world economy) 。但是由于两个状语太长，建议在翻译时调整一下句子的结构，这样句子肯定更通畅些。

5、Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs — the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less indemand today than a decade or two years ago.

[译文] 当然， 人们现在对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎并未比从前减弱。 避暑别墅、 欧洲旅行、 宝马车—它们的位置、地名和商标可能会改变，但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并未比一二十年前减少。

[分析] 此处出现了两个比较级， less interested in success and its signs now than formerly 和 less indemand today than a decade or two years ago。 另外要特别注意句中的双重否定： 一是 do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly，一是 do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago。

以上就是提供给大家的思路，希望大家可以有所受益。英语最主要的是需要练习，希望大家可以多多练习，预祝大家考研成功。