2016考研英语二：考前终极预测卷一及答案解析

考生注意事项

1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则。

(1)考生在考试开考15分钟后不得入场。

(2)交卷出场时间不得早于考试结束前30分钟。

(3)交卷结束后，不得再进考场续考，也不得在考场附近逗留或交谈。

2.答题前，应按准考证上的有关内容填写答题卡上的“考生姓名”“报考单位”“考生编号”　等信息。

3.答案必须按要求填涂或写在指定的答题卡上。

(1)填涂部分应该按照答题卡上的要求用2B铅笔完成。如要改动，必须用橡皮擦干净。

(2)书写部分必须用(蓝)黑色字迹钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答。字迹要清楚。

4.考试结束后，将答题卡装入原试卷袋中，试卷交给监考人员。

Section Ⅰ Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

While western governments worry over the threat of Ebola, a more pervasive but far less harm- ful 1 is spreading through their populations like a winter sniffle: mobile personal technology.

The similarity between disease organisms and personal devices is 2 . Viruses and other para- sites control larger organisms, 3 resources in order to multiply and spread. Smartphones and other gadgets do the same thing, 4 ever-increasing amounts of human attention and electricity sup- plied 5 wire umbilici.

It is tempting to 6 a “strategy” to both phages and phablets, neither of which is sentient. 7 , the process is evolutionary, consisting of many random evolutions, 8 experimented with by many product designers. This makes it all the more powerful.

Tech 9 occurs through actively-learnt responses, or “operant conditioning” as animal be haviourists call it. The scientific parallel here also involves a rodent, typically a rat, which occupies a 10 cage called a Skinner Box. The animal is 11 with a food pellet for solving puzzles and punished with an electric shock when it fails.

“Are we getting a positive boost of hormones when we 12 look at our phone, seeking re- wards?” asks David Shuker, an animal behaviourist at St Andrews university, sounding a little like a man withholding serious scientific endorsement 13 an idea that a journalist had in the shower. Re- search is needed, he says. Tech tycoons would meanwhile 14 that the popularity of mobile devices is attributed to the brilliance of their designs. This is precisely what people whose thought processes have been 15 by an invasive pseudo-organism would believe.

16 , mobile technology causes symptoms less severe than physiological diseases. There are even benefits to 17 sufferers for shortened attention spans and the caffeine overload triggered by visits to Starbucks for the free Wi-Fi. Most importantly, you can 18 the Financial Times in places as remote as Alaska or Sidcup. In this 19 , a mobile device is closer to a symbiotic organism than a parasite. This would make it 20 to an intestinal bacterium that helps a person to stay alive, rather than a virus that may kill you.