历年考研真题长难句解析荟萃(8)

1. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's  stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society's ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.

【译文】 在上个月的股东会议上，大家就摇滚乐的歌词进行了讨论。莱文宣称“音乐不是社会问题的病因”，他甚至还以自己的儿子为例。他的儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的一名教师，用说唱乐的表达方式与学生进行交流。

【析句】句子的主干是Levin asserted that… and even cited…。During the   discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting是表示时间的状语从句。music is not the cause of society's ills是直接引语，是动词asserted的宾语。his son是动词cited的宾语，后面的a teacher in the Bronx, New York是his son的同位语,who uses rap to communicate with students是修饰his son的定语从句。

【讲词】cite意为“引用；引证；提名表扬”。It's no use citing the Bible to a non-Christian.（对非基督徒引用《圣经》是没用的。）cite的名词形式是citation。He was awarded with a cifation for brawery.（他因勇敢而得到一次嘉奖。）

2. The phrase “substance abuse” is often used instead of “drug abuse” to make clear that substances such as alcohol and tobacco can be just as      harmfully misused as heroin and cocaine.

【译文】 他们常用“物质滥用”而不用“药物滥用”来清楚表明滥用酒精、烟草这样的物质如同滥用海洛因和可卡因一样有害。

【析句】 句子的主干是The phrase “substance abuse” is often used，不定式 （to make clear that…）作目的状语。that后面跟了一个宾语从句作动词（make clear）的宾语。

【讲词】 make clear意为“解释，说明”。I’ve made it clear that it simply is not true.（我已经清楚表明，这绝对不是真的。）The president made it clear what we would and would not do to resolve the situation.（总统表明为了解决问题，我们会做什么，不会做什么。）