2001考研英语阅读真题解析(5)
重点单词:
lateral /5lAtErEl/(侧面的,旁边的)可看作later+al,later即单词后来,-al词后缀,后来者只能靠边站→旁边的。在文中此词用引申义,各参考书观点不尽相同,请自甄别。
ccuriously /5kjuEriEsli/(好奇地;奇怪地)←curious+ly;curious(好奇的;奇怪的)即curi+ous,curi关心=care(因为元音可替换),-ous形容词后缀有……性质的,故对某事非常关心的→好奇的。It is a curious fact that in bad days we can very vividly recall the good time that is now no more; but that in good days we have only a very cold and imperfect memory of the bad.一个奇怪的事实是,在失意的日子里,我们能够生动地想起不复存在的美好时光;而在得意的时候,对苦难的日子却只留有非常淡漠而残缺的记忆。←这是德国哲学家叔本华说的,其代表作《作为意志与表象的世界》是guangxian最欣赏的哲学作品,商务印书馆出过中译本。
downshifting /5daun7FiftiN/←down+shift+ing,原义指汽车调档减速,文中指放慢生活节奏。
passionate /5pAFEnit/(充满热情的)即passion+ate,passion(激情;暴怒),-ate此作形容词后缀。Apoet is, before anything else, a person who is passionately in love with language.一个诗人首先是个热爱语言的人。Death is the only pure, beautiful conclusion of a great passion.死是伟大激情的唯一纯洁与美丽的终结。Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong. have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge and the unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.有三种情感,虽朴实却无可抗拒地主宰着我的生命:对爱的渴望,对知识的探求,以及对人类所受苦难的怜悯。Passion is in all great searches and is necessary to all creative endeavours.激情存在于一切伟大的追求中,对所有创造性的活动都是必不可少的。
preach /pri:tF/(v.鼓吹;布道)可看作pr(e)+each,pre-前缀在前,each每个,牧师走到每个人面前→布道。Preach not because you have to say something, but because you have something to say.布道不是由于你不得不说些什么,而是由于你有些话要说。
resignation /7rezi^5neiFEn/(辞职;顺从)←resign+ation名词后缀;resign(v.辞职;顺从)←re+sign,re-前缀=away或=again,sign签署,故签署后离开→辞职,再次签署→顺从。What is called resignation is confirmed desperation.所谓顺从就是确定了的绝望。no resign oneself to being defeated不甘心于失败。
editorship /5editEFip/(编辑职务,编辑工作)←editor+ship,editor(编辑者),-ship抽象名词后缀表性质、职位、资格等,如:friendship、leadership、membership等。
doctrine /5dCktrin/(教义;学说)←doctr+ine,doctr=doctor(元音可增减),-ine名词后缀表物,故教授拿来讲授的东西→教义。参vaccine(疫苗),2003年Text
2.The wisest man preaches no doctrines; he has no scheme.最大的智者不鼓吹任何学说,没有任何体系。
juggle /5dVQ^l/(n.v.杂耍)发音与沪方言对扑克牌中Jack的发音同,拿扑克牌玩杂耍(juggle),引得大家咯咯(guggle)笑,文中juggle引申为忙忙碌碌。
deadline /5dedlain/(最后期限)←dead+line.
Newsletter /5njU:z7letE/(时事通讯,简报)←news+letter.
cling-film(食品保鲜膜)←cling粘着+film薄膜。
equivalent /i5kwivElEnt/(相等的,等价的;相等物,等价物)即equi+val+ent,equi相等(如:equal相等的),val价值(如:value价值),-ent后缀。In truth, politeness is artificial good humor, it covers the natural want of it, and ends by rendering habitual a substitute nearly equivalent to the real virtue.礼貌实际上是人为的好性情,它掩盖了它天生的不足,结果给惯于此道者提供了与真正美德几乎相当的代用品。
drop out退隐,逃避现实。
redundancy /ri5dQndEnsi/(冗余)即red+und+ancy,red-(=re-),und词根多,-ancy名词后缀,越来越(re)多→冗余。同根词:abundant(丰富的)←ab加强前缀+und多+ant形容词后缀。redundancy—an air-bag in a politician‘s car多余物-政治家汽车里的保险气袋。
thrift /Wrift/(节俭;繁荣)可记:节俭导致繁荣;thrifty(节俭的;繁荣的)←thrift+y形容词后缀。thrift→thrive(v.繁荣),类似变化的单词有theft(n.偷)→thieve(v.偷)。It is thrifty to prepare today for the wants of tomorrow.节俭就是今天为明天的需要作准备。
mythical /5miWikEl/(神话的;虚构的)←myth神话+ical后缀。myth—a religion in which no one any longer believes神话-一种没有人再信仰的宗教。
recognition /7rekE^5niFEn/(n.认出,承认)是recognise(或recognize)的名词形式。Three fundamental truths without a recognition of which there can be no effective liberty: that what we believe is not necessarily true; that what we like is not necessarily good; and that all questions are open.有三条基本真理,如果不承认就不会有实在的自由:我们相信的未必真实,我们喜爱的未必美好,一切问题都无定论。The highest possible stage in moral culture is when we recognize that we ought to control thoughts.道德修养有可能达到的最高境界是认识到我们应该控制自己的思想。A celebrity is a person who works hard all his life to become known, then wears dark glasses to avoid being recognized.所谓名人不过是这样一种人:他终生勤奋努力而致成名,然后戴上墨镜以免被别人认出。
adventurous /Ed5ventFErEs/(喜冒险的;充满危险的)←adventur(e)冒险+ous形容词后缀。A good critic is one who narrates the adventures of his mind among masterpieces.好的批评家是个讲述自己的精神在杰作中历险的人。adventure—the vitaminizing element in histories both in dividual and social冒险-个人历史和社会历史中的维生素。