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2001考研英语阅读真题解析(2)

2009-07-14来源:

  
  重点词汇
  
  divide /di5vaid/(分开;分配;除)是division /di5viVEn/(分开;部门;除法)的动词形式。The only way on earth to multiply happiness is to divide it.世上唯一能使幸福成倍增加的方法是将其分作几份。Grief can take care of itself, but to get the full value of a joy you must have somebody to divide it with.悲伤只需其自身就足够了,然而要获取一件乐事的充分价值,你就必须找人分享。Instead of this absurd division into sexes they ought to class people as static and dynamic.为取代性别这种荒唐的区别,他们应该把人分成静态与动态两种。
  
  loom /lu:m/(v.隐约出现;织布机)可看作loo+m,loo即数字100,m即国际单位米,能织出100米长的布的织布机;另外布在织成以前是透明的,所以布后面的东西是可以隐约出现的。
  
  commercialize /kE5mE:FElaiz/(使商业化)即commercial+ize,commercial(商业的)←commerc(e)+ial,-ize动词后缀使……化。Good manners are the settled medium of social, as specie is of commercial life.礼貌是社会生活固定的中介,就像硬币之于商业生活。commercialism—doing well that which should not be done at all商业主义-把根本不该做的事做得很好。
  
  universalize /7ju:ni5vE:sElaiz/(使普遍化)即universal+ize,universal(宇宙的;普遍的)←univers(e)+al,-ize动词后缀使……化。Envy is the most universal passion.忌妒是最普遍的情感。universe—merely a fleeting idea in God's mind—a pretty uncomfortable thought, particularly if you're just made a down payment on a house宇宙-不过是上帝头脑里一个稍纵即逝的想法-一种让人很不舒服的想法,特别是在你刚预付过房子的定金之后。
  
  impoverish /im5pCvEriF/(使贫穷;使枯竭)←im加强前缀+pover词根+ish动词后缀;同根词:poverty /5pCvEti/(贫穷)←pover+ty名词后缀。
  
  prejudice /5predVudis/(偏见v.n.损害)即pre+jud+ice,pre-前缀在前,jud词根判断(=judge),-ice后缀,在弄清事实之前就做出判断→偏见,而偏见是会招致损害的。Prejudice is the child of ignorance.偏见是无知的产物。prejudice—①an unwillingness to be confused with facts②a device enabling you to form opinions without getting the facts偏见-①不愿为事实所困惑②使你能在不了解事实的情况下形成观点的一种装置。
  
  respect /ris5pekt/(v.n.尊敬)即re+spect,re-反复,spect词根看,反复看一个人是对其表示尊敬;with respect to关于。All the great religions are fundamentally equal. We must have innate respect for other religions as we have for our own.一切伟大的宗教在根本上都是等同的。我们对于其它宗教,必须像对自己的宗教一样怀着天然的敬意。To respect a person is not possible without knowing him.不了解一个人却要尊敬他,那是不可能的。respect—to admire from a distance尊敬-从远处赞赏。
  
  sovereignty /5sCvrinti/(主权;主权国家)即sover+(r)eign+ty,sover(=over)在上,reign统治,-ty名词后缀,在上面统治;sovereign(统治的;统治者)←sover+(r)eign.Men in great places are thrice servants: servants of the sovereign or state; servants of fame; and servants of business.身居高位者是三重仆人:统治者或国家的仆人,名声的仆人,以及事务的仆人。
  
  infrastructure /5infrE5strQktFE/(基础设施)即infra+structure,infra-前缀在下,structure(v.n.构造)。以infra-为前缀的词:infrahuman(类人猿的;类人生物)←infra+human;infrared(红外线的;红外线)←infra+red.
  
  telecom /5telEkCm/(电信)即telecommunication.
  
  responsible /ris5pCnsEbl/(负责的;可靠的;责任重大的)即respons(e)+ible,response回应(见2001年Passage 1),-ible能……的,能得到回应的→负责的。An idea isn't responsible for the people who believe in it.一种思想对信仰它的人并不负有责任。To be a man is, precisely, to be responsible.确切地说,做男人就是负责任。
  
  in the interest of为了……的利益;may well很有可能;lie down屈从。