整理10年专四真题后，发现这39组词缀最常考

 Part 1. 名词后缀
1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis

做某件事情或职业的人或或物: worker, debtor , actress, democrat

2)-acy

表示“性质,状态,境遇” democracy, accuracy, diplomacy

3)ance、-ence

表示”性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度” Importance，diligence, difference. obedience

4)-ancy , -ency

表示“性质,状态,行为,过过程” frequency, urgency，efficiency

5)-bility

表示“动作,性质,状态” possibility, flexibility, feasibility

6)-dom

表示“等级,领域,状态” freedom, kingdom, wisdom

7)-hood

表示“资格,身份,年纪,状态” childhood, manhood, falsehood

8)-ion,-sion,-tion,- ation,- Ition

表示“行为的过程,结果,状况” action，solution, conclusion, destruction expression. correction

9)-ism

表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为” socialism, criticism，colloquialism, heroism

10)-ity

表示“性质,状态,程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity

11)-ment

表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果” treatment, movement，judgment, punishment, argument

12)-ness

表示示“性质,状态,程程度” goodness, kindness. tiredness，friendliness

13)-ship

表表示示“情情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业” hardship，membership, friendship

14)-th

表示“动作,性质,过程,状态” depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

15)-tude

表示“性质,状态,程度” latitude, altitude(海拔)

16)-ure

表示“行为,结果” exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)

17)-grapy

表示“……学,写法” biography, calligraphy, geography

18)-ic,ics

表示 “……学，……法” logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics

19)-ology

表示“…学,…论” biology, zoology, technology(工艺学)

20)-nomy

表示“……学……术” astronomy，economy，bionomy(生态学)

 

Part 2. 形容词后缀
带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义

1)-able, -ible: visible, flexible

2)名词-ish: foolish, bookish. selfish

3)-Ive: active, sensitive, productive

4)-like: manlike, childlike

5)名词-y: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

6)-some: troublesome, handsome

7)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

8)-ous: dangerous, generous, courageous, various

9)-ent: violent

10)-most: foremost, topmost

11)-less,表示否定: countless. stainless, wireless

 

Part 3. 动词后缀
1)-ize, ise,表示“做成,变成,…化”

modemize, mechanize, democratize, organize

2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”

quicken, weaken, soften, harden

3)-fy,表示“使…化,使成”

beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

4)-ish,表示“使,令”

finish, abolish, diminish, establish

5)-ate,表示“成为……,处理,作用”

separate, operate, indicate

 

Part 4. 副词后缀
1)(形容词)-ly：

bad → badly恶劣地,

careful → carefully小心地

2)-wise(OE)：

clock → clockwise(a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)

like-> likewise同样地

3)- wards：

out → outwards向外地

north → northwards向北方地