2017专四阅读解题攻略：锁定法

专四阅读细节题攻略——锁定法
阅读理解当中的细节题处理方法，其实和大家在做听力理解时所运用的方法大同小异。
不同的是，听力理解需要大家将整篇文章听一遍，而在做阅读理解的细节题时，大家很多时候是不需要将文章的每一句话都看一遍，可以跳过文章的某些段落，只用寻找和题目相关的段落反复阅读去寻找答案，即我们这里所讲的“锁定法”。比如：
82.We can infer from the passage that an employer might tolerate his secretary's occasional mistakes, if the latter is ____.（2004专四全真试题）
A.direct B.cheerful C.shy D.capable
根据题干提供的信息，大家很快泛读整个文章，那么答案很快就锁定在第三段最后一句话“Many employers, for example, will overlook occasional inefficiencies from their secretary providedshe has a pleasant personality (举个例子，如果秘书的性格讨人喜欢，许多雇主会不计较她偶尔的失误)。”
锁定答案之后，大家应该结合题干反复阅读这句话，那么通过对比分析就可以知道，“pleasant”和“cheerful”意思相同，答案很快就锁定为选项B了。再如：
95. Women hate public speaking most mainly because of_____. （2008专四全真试题）
A.their upbringing very early on.
B.their inability to appeal to the audience.
C. their sense of greater public pressure.
D.their sense of greater humiliation.
根据题干提供的信息，文章答案应该锁定在第一段最后一句话上。“Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of allkinds. (女人最讨厌演讲，因为女孩子从小就感受到各种公开露面的压力。)”
精读这句话后大家就会发现，选项C和文章中的这句话相似，是对这句话的概括。因此，答案很快就锁定为C了。还有：
82. What is the additional disadvantage of flat sharing? （2007专四全真试题）
A.Problem of sharing and paying.
B. Differences in living habits.
C. Shared cooking and bathroom facilities.
D. Restrictionto invite friends to visit.
根据题干，题目答案很快被锁定在第二段。第二段第一句话就提到“withthe added difficulties that arise from deciding who pays for what,and in what proportion(另一个困难是决定由谁来付钱和付多少钱。)”
选型A和文中这句话的意思相似，那么答案可能是选项A。虽然选项C和选项D都出现在第一段，可是他们属于“thesame disadvantages”的范畴，题目问的是“theadditional disadvantage”，由此可判断，选项A为正确答案。还有：
89. Working-class people's sense of security increased as a result of all the following factors EXCEPT_________? （2006专四全真试题）
A.better social security
B.more job opportunities
C.higher living standard
D.better legal protection.
根据题干，题目答案很快可以被锁定在第四段。第四段的第三句话提到“Socialsecurity and laws to improve job security, combined with a generalrise in the standard of living since the mid-fifties of the20th century,have made it less necessary than before to worryabout ‘tomorrow’(提高工作安全性的社会保障和法律，以及二十世纪五十年代以来生活标准的整体提高，已使得人们不再像以前一样担忧‘明天’。)”
由此可以看出，“socialsecurity, laws和risein the standardof living”都是提高工作安全性的原因，那么选项B就可以被锁定为本题答案了。