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2018英语专四阅读理解干扰项特征

2018-02-02来源:和谐英语

一、偷换概念

选项将文中表述甲物体的内容嫁接到乙物体上。或者是将文中甲乙两者的关系说成是甲丙的关系。

54. From the passage we know that ___.

A) a little worry will do us good if handled properly

B) a little worry will enable us to survive a recession

C) fear strengthens the human desire to survive danger

D) fear helps people to anticipate certain future events

对应原文:

Humans, says Edward M. Hallowell, have the ability to call up images of bad things that happened in the past and to anticipate future events.

原文的意思是人类有能力回忆过去发生的不好的事情,并预测未来。也就是预测未来能力是人类天生既有的能力,选项D说恐惧帮助人们预测未来事物,是构建了文章主题词“恐惧”和人类预测事物之间的关系,但是文章并没有这种关系的依据,故选项D为“偷换概念”。

二、因果倒置

选项中的因果关系与原文正好相反。

53. Specialization and the effort to increase yields have resulted in  ______.

A) localized pollution 地方性污染

B) the shrinking of farmland 农田减少

C) competition from overseas 海外竞争

D) the decrease of biodiversity 生物多样性减少

对应原文:

Competition from overseas led farmers to specialise and increase yields…However, these changes have also led to habitat (栖息地) loss and to diminishing biodiversity.

选项 [C]属于“因果倒置”选项。文中提到, 来自于海外的竞争导致了专业化和增加产量,而选项C和题干信息组合后,却变成了专业化以及增加产量导致了海外竞争,原因与结果倒置。

综上,通过选项维度的分析,须得提醒各位考生在最后的复习备考阶段,既要了解正选特征,还要充分认识错误选项特征,错误选项特征对于考生备考时自我分析有着重要的指导意义。熟知干扰项特征,对于排除错误选项,提升正确率,突破瓶颈均有着极大的影响。