英语专业四级语法词汇详解四十套:第九套

Test Nine

动词后接不定式或动名词

有些动词或词组如admit, appreciate, avoid, consale, defer, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, mention, mind, miss, quit, postpone, practise, resist, risk, (can’t) stand, suggest, give up, put off等后面只能接动名词。例如：

I enjoy playing football.

I don’t mind sleeping with the door open.

有些动词如stop, remember, forget, try, mean等接不定式或动名词做宾语，意思各不相同。

try doing sth试试看(没有付诸的行动)

try to do尽力去做(已有行动)

mean doing sth意味着

mean to do sth打算

近义词辨析

change, alter, convert, modify, vary

这组词均含有“变化”的意思。

change

最常用，指任何一种变化过程，但多用于指某人或某物发生根本性转变，失去了原来的身份特征，前后完全不同。

Years of hard work had changed her a great deal.多年辛苦劳作使她变了很多。

alter

指对人或事物的某些特征进行某种程度的更改，但并没有使人或事物的性质发生根本改变。

She had to ask the dressmaker to alter the dress for her.她不得不请裁缝把衣服改一下。

convert

指使事物的条件、性质、功能等发生重要改变、转换、或转化。

Scientists are trying to find cheaper ways to convert salt water to fresh water.科学家在努力寻找将海水淡化的更廉价的方法。

modify

指在较小的范围内进行形式上的修改或调整。

They have to modify the terms of their lease.他们不得不修改租赁条款。

vary

可以指仅仅改变事物的外观，也可指使事物的内在性质发生变化，通常是在同一组事物中将一种情形改变为另一种情形。

She varies the program each month to make it more attractive.每个月她都对节目做些变动，使它更吸引人。