英语专业四级语法词汇详解四十套:第15套

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Test Fifteen

名词性分句中的虚拟语气

虚拟式常用于出现在wish, would rather, suppose, imagine之后的that分句中，表示一种臆想的(通常是不可能发生的)情况。例如：

I wish it were spring all the year round.

I’d rather I were not at the site of the accident.

在“It’s time + that分句”结构中，that分句中应使用一般过去时。例如：

It’s time that I went.

在If I were you 这一分句中，were不能换成was,应当特殊对待。例如：

Were I to do it (If I were to do it), I should rely on you.

近义词辨析

surprise, amaze, astonish, astound

这组词均含有“使人惊奇、惊异”的意思。

surprise

指因出乎意料的、突然的事或前所未有的人或特殊的事而感到惊讶。

It doesn’t surprise me that his parents did not allow himto marry beneath him.他的父母不允许他同地位比他低的女子结婚，这并不使我感到惊讶。

amaze

强调对意外的事感到迷惑，或表示惊叹之情。

He’s amazed that she should get promoted over his head.他对她得以迈过他而提升感到惊异。

astonish

指对很不平常的事大为吃惊，难以置信。

It astonished him that his son had been caught cheating in the exams.他的儿子考试作弊被抓住了，这使他大为吃惊。

astound

强调完全出乎意料，用以往经验知识无法解释，其惊讶程度很强。

The enormous changes in the quality of life of the inhabitants astounded us.城镇居民生活质量的巨大变化令我们惊愕。