英语专业四级语法词汇详解四十套:第14套

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Test Fourteen

名词+不定式与名词+介词+ing分词

有些名词如attempt, chance, effort, freedom, intention, reason, necessity, opportunity, time, way等，在其后用不定式或介词+ing分词均可，意义无甚区别。例如：

The doctor made a bold attempt to save/at saving the child’s life.

有些名词如ability, agreement, ambition, anxiety, curiosity, mind, obligation, permission, refusal, tendency, wish等，在其后通常带不定式，而不带介词+ing分词。

例如：

Our ability to think and speak separates us from other mammals.

还有些名词如aptitude, experience, hope, method, possibility, difficulty, interest, plan, habit, passion, genius等，其后通常带介词+ing分词，而不带不定式。例如：

There is no hope of winning the game.

近义词辨析

strange, eccentric, odd, peculiar, queer, unique

这组词均含有“不平常的”或“奇怪的”的意思。

strange

词义最广。指非一般的、不平常的、费解的或与预期不同的，还强调陌生，不熟悉。

With so many strange faces around her, she felt a bit nervous.身边尽是陌生的面孔，她感到有点紧张。

eccentric

指行为偏离常规，特别是显得古怪或可笑。

You’ll be considered eccentric if you go to the banquet in your tennis shoes.如果穿着网球鞋去参加宴会，别人会认为你很古怪。

odd

强调有异于正常，表示不标准、不正规、不符合规律等，暗示这种奇异令人困惑不解。

Einstein was considered an odd man by the neighbours’ kids.邻居的孩子们认为爱因斯坦是个古怪的人。

peculiar

强调具有明显的奇异特征或令人不快的怪异特性。

We can identify the drug by its peculiar smell.我们可以通过其古怪的气味来辨认那种毒品。

queer

比odd更强调古怪性，指古怪得令人难以置信或离奇可笑。该词是个比较陈旧过时的词。曾被用于指男子同性恋者，宜慎用。

He had a queer expression on his face.他的面部表情古怪。

unique

可指在某一方面不同寻常、特别，有较强的“独一无二”的意思。

His calligraphic style is unique.他的书法风格很独特。