冲击波英语专八系列:翻译之汉译英--哲学类(2)
一个人生活在世上,就好像水泥搅拌器里的石子一样,运转起来之后,身不由己。使我们感觉到,不是某一个人的问题,而是社会问题,而是文化问题。耶稣临死的时候说:“宽容他们!他们做的他们不知道。”年轻时候读这句话,觉得稀松平常,长大之后,也觉得这句话没有力量。但是到了我现在这个年龄,才发现这句话多么深奥,多么痛心。使我想到我们中国人,成了今天这个样子,我们的丑陋,来自于我们不知道我们丑陋。我到爱荷华,我们夫妇的经费是由爱荷华大学出一半,再由私人捐助一半,捐助一半的是爱荷华燕京饭店老板,一位从没有回过中国的中国人裴竹章先生,我们从前没见过面,捐了一个这么大的数目,使我感动。他和我谈话,他说:“我在没有看你的书之前,我觉得中国人了不起,看了你的书之后,才觉得不是那么一回事,所以说,我想请你当面指教。”
背景介绍
《丑陋的中国人》是台湾作家柏杨先生的著名作品,其实是一部他在各地以《丑陋的中国人》为题演讲的合集。作者指出中国传统文化有一种滤过性疾病,这种疾病使我们的子子孙孙受感染,到今天也不能痊愈。这篇杂文虽不如鲁迅先生的杂文来得犀利,但是更为深刻,翻译时要注意用词。
难点解析
1. “一个人生活在世上 ……”:这里 “一个人生活在世上” ,无需译成 “when people live in this world”, 只需要翻译成“life is like...”,这样更显简练。
2. 运转起来之后:这里用“toss”更好,因为是在水泥搅拌器里,“toss”更能体现出搅拌的意味。
3. 身不由己:这里的意思是身处社会中,人失去对自己的控制 ,所以用 “loses control of its own existence”更为贴切。
4. “使我们感觉到,不是某一个人的问题,而是社会问题,而是文化问题。”:在这句话的翻译中,作者增译 “I could cite similar analogies”以此作为强调。“不是 ……而是 ……”可以使用 “not ...but ...”句型 ,中文喜用散句 ,而英文喜用整句 ,故此句可合译为一句话 : “The conclusion I always come to is that the problems of the Chinese people are not individual but rather social and cultural problems.”。
5. 耶稣临死的时候说:“宽容他们!他们做的他们不知道。”:圣经中多用简单词汇;所以即使没有读过圣经,也可以译出。全句译为:Before he died, Jesus said, “Forgive them, for they know not what they do”。
6. “年轻时候读这句话 ,觉得稀松平常……”: “稀松平常”如果翻译成 “common things”则太显平淡,如用两个形容词“bland”和“frivolous”表明“稀松”和 “平常”则更夺人眼球。
7.“……这句话没有力量” :说 明作者觉得上述所言缺乏实质 ,不能给人力量 ,故可译为 “lacked substance”,如若译成: “statement lacks power.”则显得不地道 。
8.“但是到了我现在这个年龄”:此句中“到了我现在这个年龄”如若译成 “when it comes to my age”略显累赘,只需译为“now”就可以了。
9. “……才发现这句话多么深奥,多么痛心”: “才发现 …… ” 可用强调句式“Only...”的倒装句,“发现”一词可以用“appreciate” ,透露出作者随年龄增长能品味出 “Jesus’ statement”的意义。全句译为:“Only now do I appreciate its profundity and bitter irony.”这里用“bitter irony”来表明作者的痛苦,讽刺 。
10. “使我想到我们中国人,成了今天这个样子,我们的丑陋,来自于我们不知道我们丑 陋” :整句话缺少一个主语 ,但是从整个句子可以看出,主语为“Jesus’ statement” , 但因前文已用过 “statement”一词 ,故此处可以用“word”代替。“来自于”可以译成“grow out of”, “out of”有“出于……”的意思。全句译为:“Jesus’ words taught me that the Chinese people’s ugliness grows out of our own ignorance of the fact that we are ugly.”。
参考译文
Life is a little bit like a stone in a cement mixer; when it gets tossed around with the other ingredients, it loses control of its own existence. I could cite similar analogies, but the conclusion I always come to is that the problems of the Chinese people are not individual but rather social and cultural problems. Before he died, Jesus said, “Forgive them, for they know not what they do”. When I first heard that statement as a child, I thought it rather bland and frivolous, and as I grew older I continued to feel that it lacked substance. Only now do I appreciate its profundity and bitter irony. Jesus’ words taught me that the Chinese people’s ugliness grows out of our own ignorance of the fact that we are ugly. The expenses for our trip to the United States were borne by Iowa University and Pei Zhuzhang, the owner of the Yenching Restaurant in Iowa City. Pei is a Chinese-American who had never set foot on China, nor met me before.
His generosity moved me deeply. He said, “Before reading your books, I felt that the Chinese people were a great people. After reading them my thinking changed entirely. Your books inspired me and made me want to hear you speak in person.”
选自 《丑陋的中国人 》