2002英语专业八级考试全真试题附答案

　　First read the following question.

　　33. What is the main theme of the following passage?

　　〔A〕Strengths of paper books over E-books.

　　〔B〕Projected extinction of paper books.

　　〔C〕Market prospects of E-books.

　　〔D〕The history of paper books.

　　Now go through TEXT G quickly and answer the question.

　　Experts predict that the printed paper and glue book will be rendered obsolete by electronic text delivery systems, of which one, the Microsoft Reader, is already on the market, offering "book" on a pocket PC manufactured by Hewlett-Packard. This is not impossible; already much of the written communication that used to be handled by letters, newspapers and magazines has shifted to computer screens and to the vast digital library available over the Internet. If the worst comes true and the paper book joins the papyrus scroll and parchment codex in extinction, we will miss, I predict, a number of things about it.

　　The book as furniture. Shelved rows of books warm and brighten the starkest room. By bedside and easy chair, books promise a cozy, swift and silent release from this world into another. For ease of access and speed of storage, books are tough to beat.

　　The book as sensual pleasure. Smaller than a breadbox, bigger than a TV remote, the average book fits into the human hand with a seductive nestling, a kiss of texture, whether of cover cloth, glazed jacket or flexible paperback. The weight can rest on the little finger of the right hand for hours without strain, while the thumb holds the pages open and the fingers of the other hand turn them.

　　The rectangular block of type, a product of five and a half centuries of printers lore, yields to decipherment so gently that one is scarcely aware of the difference between immersing oneself in an imaginary world and scanning the furniture of one's own room.

　　The book as souvenir. One's collection comes to symbolize the contents of one s mind. Books read in childhood, in yearning adolescence, at college and in the first self-conscious years of adulthood travel along, often, with readers as they move from house to house. My mother's college texts sat untouched in a corner of our country bookcase.

　　The bulk of my own college books are still with me, rarely consulted but always there, reminders of moments, of stages, in a pilgrimage. The decades since add their own drifts and strata of volumes read or half read or intended to be read. Books preserve, daintily, the redolence of their first reading-this beach, that apartment, that summer afternoon, this flight to Indonesia.

　　Books as ballast. As movers and the moved both know, books are heavy freight, the weight of refrigerators and sofas broken up into cardboard boxes. They make us think twice about changing addresses. How many aging couples have decided to stay put because they can t imagine what to do with the books? How many  divorces have been forestalled by love of the jointly acquired library?

　　Books hold our beams down. They act as counterweight to our fickle and flighty natures. In comparison, any electronic text delivery device would lack substance. Further, speaking of obsolescence, it would be outdated in a year and within 15 years as inoperable as my formerly treasured Wang word processor from the mid-80's. Electronic equals immaterial. Without books, we might melt into the airwaves, and be just another set of blips.

　　TEXT H

　　First read the following question.

　　34. The passage intends primarily to ______ in some Asian cities.

　　〔A〕explain how porters work

　　〔B〕introduce top-end eateries

　　〔C〕provide advice on tipping

　　〔D〕describe how taxis are metered

　　Now go through TEXT H quickly and answer the question.

　　It's difficult to determine what constitutes an appropriate tip in any country. In Japan, if you leave a couple of coins on the table, the waiter is liable to chase after you to return your forgotten change. In New York, on the other hand, if you leave less than 15%, your reservation might not hold up next time. Asia, with its multiplicity of cultures and customs, is a particularly difficult terrain. To make your next trip a little easier, here s a guide to tipping across the region:

　　HONG KONG

　　Tipping is de rigreur in this money-mad metropolis at all but the lowest establishments. Even bathrooms in posh hotels have little dishes for loose change.

　　Restaurants: Most places automatically add a 10% service charge to the bill, but the surcharge often ends up in the pocket of the owner, not the staff kitty. If the service is good, add another 10% to the bill, up to HK $ 100 if you've in an especially nice restaurant.

　　Porters: HK $ 10 should do it at all but the nicest hotels where a crisp HK $ 20 bill may be more acceptable.

　　Taxis: Round up to the nearest dollar, although many drivers will do this on their own when making change.

　　MANILA

　　Tipping is common in Manila, and anything above 10% will gain you undying loyalty.

　　Restaurants: Even if a service charge is included, custom dictates adding another 5%～10% to the bill.

　　Porters: Service in top hotels is good and should be rewarded with 20 pesos per bag.

　　Taxis: Most cabs are metered, and rounding up to the next five pesos is a good rule of thumb.

　　SEOUL

　　Tipping is not part of Korean culture, although it has become a matter of course in international hotels where a 10% service charge is often added.

　　Restaurants: If you re at a Korean barbecue joint, there s no need to add anything extra. But a sleek Italian restaurant may require a 10% contribution.

　　Porters: If you re at a top-end hotel, international standards apply, so expect to give 500～1, 000 won per bag.

　　Taxis: Drivers don t expect a tip, so unless you re feeling remarkably generous, keep the change for yourself.

　　SINGAPORE

　　According to government mandate in the Lion City, tipping is a no-no. It's basically outlawed at Changi Airport and officials encourage tourists not to add to the 10% service charge that many high-end hotels add on to the bill.

　　Porters: Hotel staff are the one exception to the no-tipping rule. As a general guide, S $ 1 should be adequate for baggage-lugging service.

　　Taxis: Drivers don t expect tipping, but they won t refuse if you want to round up the fare to the next Singaporean dollar.

　　TEXT I

　　First read the following questions.

　　35. If you want to see a performance by the Beijing Peking Opera Theatre, which phone number would you ring?

　　〔A〕6841-9283.

　　〔B〕6848-5462.

　　〔C〕6301-6688.

　　〔D〕6523-3320.

　　36. Supposing you have some free time after 7 pm on July 1st, which performance or exhibition can you go to?

　　〔A〕Traditional Chinese music.

　　〔B〕Chinese modern operas.

　　〔C〕Peking Opera.

　　〔D〕Lao Dao s recent paintings.

　　Now go through TEXT I quickly and answer the questions.

　　WHAT'S ON

　　CONCERTS

　　New concert hall: The movie theatre of the National Library of China has been turned into a concert hall after months of renovation.

　　The Guotu Concert Hall will open to the public for the first time on June 30. After the opening ceremony, the China National Song and Dance Theatre will present highlights of Chinese modern operas from the past 50 years.

　　Programme: excerpts from Chinese modern operas including "The White-haired Girl", "Red Rocks" and more.

　　Time: 7∶30 pm, June 30

　　Place: Guotu Concert Hall at the National Library of China

　　Tel: 6841-9283

　　Chinese music: The Traditional Band of China National Song and Dance Theatre will perform traditional Chinese music, under Liu Wenjin, composer and director of the theatre.

　　Programme: "Butterfly Lovers", "Moonlight Reflected on Number Two Spring", "The Night is Deep" and other traditional pieces.

　　Time: 7∶30 pm, July 1～2

　　Place: Guotu Concert Hall at the National Library of China

　　Tel: 6848-5462

　　EXHIBITIONS

　　One-man show: Lao Dao is presenting his most recent paintings at the Wanfung Gallery.

　　Titled "Spanning the Space", the exhibition features about 30 works created from synthetic materials. The paintings are composed of mottled ancient doors with faded couplets pasted on them, leading the viewers into ancient stories hidden behind the door.

　　Time: 9 am～5 pm until July 1st

　　Place: 136 Nanchizi Dajie, Dongcheng District

　　Tel: 6523-3320

　　Charm of ink: The Huangshicheng Gallery is hosting a solo show of ink-and-colour paintings by veteran calligrapher and painter Qin Tang. More than just visually appealing, Qin's work impresses the viewer with its vividness and simplicity.

Time: 9 am～5 pm until July 5th

Place: Nanchizi Dajie, Dongcheng District

Tel: 6528-9103

STAGE

Peking Opera: The Liyuan Theatre presents traditional Peking Opera excerpts in short programmes for foreign audiences and in original styles. With an explanation in English, the performances are from the Beijing Opera Theatre.

Time: 7∶30 pm July 3～5

Place: Liyuan Theatre, Qianmen Jianguo Hotel, Xuanwu District

Tel: 6301-6688

TEXT J

First read the following questions.

37. Who's the author of Culture/Metaculture ?

〔A〕Linda Anderson.

〔B〕Peter Childs.

〔C〕Adam Roberts.

〔D〕Francis Mulhern.

38. Which of the following books draws on case studies?

〔A〕Modernism .

〔B〕Science Fiction .

〔C〕Autobiography .

〔D〕Culture/Metaculture .

Now go through TEXT J quickly and answer the questions.

Autobiography

Linda Anderson, University of Newcastle, UK

This wide-ranging introduction to the study of autobiography offers a historical overview of autobiographical writing from St Augustine to the present day. Linda Anderson follows the important developments in autobiographical criticism in the last thirty years, paying particular attention to psychoanalytic, post-structuralist and feminist approaches. This volume:

outlines the main theoretical issues and concepts of this difficult area

looks at the different forms from confessions to narratives to memoirs to diaries

considers the major writers of this historical tradition.

Culture/Metaculture

Francis Mulhern, Middlesex University, UK

Culture/Metaculture is a stimulating introduction to the meanings of "culture" in contemporary Western society. This essential survey examines:

culture as an antidote to "mass" modernity, in the work of Thomas Mann, Julien Benda, Karl Mannheim and F. R. Leavis

post-war theories of "popular" culture and the rise of Cultural Studies, paying particular attention to the key figures of Raymond Williams and Stuart Hall

theories of "metaculture", or the ways in which culture, however defined, speaks of itself.

Modernism

Peter Childs, Cheltenham and Gloucester College of Higher Education, UK

With its battle cry of "Make it New", the modernist movement shook the foundations of the late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century literary establishment. Modernism offers an outstanding analysis of this literary and cultural revolution. Peter Childs immensely readable account:

details the origins of the modernist movement and the influence of thinkers such as Darwin, Marx, Freud, Nietzsche, Saussure and Einstein

explores the radical changes which occurred in the literature, drama, art and film of the period

traces "modernism at work" in the writing of Joyce, Woolf, Mansfield, Forster, Yeats, Ford, Eliot, Beckett and other key literary figures.

Science Fiction

Adam Roberts, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK

Science Fiction is one of the most vigorous and exciting areas of modern culture, ranging from ground-breaking novels of ideas to blockbusters on the cinema screen. This outstanding volume offers a clear and critically engaged account of the phenomenon. Adam Roberts:

provides a concise history of science fiction and the ways in which the genre has been defined

examines the interactions between science fiction and science fact

anchors each chapter with a case study drawn from short story, book or film, from Frank Herbert's Dune to Barry Sonnenfeld's Men in Black .

TEXT K

First read the following questions.

39. What are "Cookies" in the following passage?

〔A〕Computer data.

〔B〕Shopping habits.

〔C〕Websites.

〔D〕Passwords.

40. How many pieces of advice are offered by the author to protect online shoppers privacy?

〔A〕1.

〔B〕2.

〔C〕3.

〔D〕4.

Now go through TEXT K quickly and answer the questions.

We all enjoy a little extra-special every now and then, whether it's a prime table at our favourite restaurant or an upgrade on that long flight across the Pacific. Being recognized makes us feel valued-and we re more likely to do business with someone who takes the time to go that extra mile. E-commerce sites know this, and they re doing everything they can to create personalized environments so we'll want to spend money online. How? By employing cookies.

Cookies are bits of data stored on your computer s hard drive when you visit a website. They can only be read by the site that sets them. Companies use them to store information about you and to track your behaviour on a particular website and, of course, your shopping habits.

Cookies help companies personalize their websites. This is how an online bookstore knows you're you, or how a news website knows to show you headlines from your hometown. Retailers use cookies to promote products they think you might like or to target ads that you might find appealing. Cookies also record user IDs and passwords so you don't have to log in each time you visit a site.

Cookies, however, have a darker side too, and all kinds of privacy issues lurk at every bend. On their own, cookies are generally harmless, if mildly intrusive. One potential problem, though, crops up when you enter personal information on a survey. This can be easily linked up with cookies about your surfing habit and the website knows pretty much everything there is to know about you. Often this information is used simply to show you an advertisement for a product you might want to buy. But privacy advocates worry that this information could be misused.

Here's what you can do as an online shopper to protect your privacy:

　　Accept only cookies that get sent back to the originating server. But Microsoft Explorer and Netscape Communicator offer this option.

　　Shop only with sites that post online privacy policies.

　　Be careful about what sort of information you give out in surveys.

　　Set up a secondary profile using an anonymous e-mail account and bogus ID. It s clandestine, but you'll surf with greater anonymity. Of course, when you actually want to buy something you'll have to give out your real name and address.

PART ⅣTRANSLATION 〔60 min〕

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

大自然对人的恩赐, 无论贫富, 一律平等。所以人们对于大自然全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间, 上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着:种植庄稼和葡萄, 酿酒和饮酒, 喂牛和挤奶, 锄草和栽花; 在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜, 在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌。往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样, 每个地方都有自己的传说, 风俗也就衍传了下来。

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

The word "winner" and "loser" have many meanings. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society.

Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence and manipulating others. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.

Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge. They can separate facts from opinions and don t pretend to have all the answers. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them.

Winners do not play "helpless", nor do they play the blaming game. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.

PART ⅤWRITING 〔60 min〕

All of us would agree that in order to be successful in the present-day society, we university graduates have to possess certain personal qualities that can enable us to realize our aim. What do you think is the most important personal quality of a university graduate? Write a composition of about 300 words on the following topic:

THE MOST IMPORTANT PERSONAL QUALITY OF A UNIVERSITY STUDENT

In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.